Transcript Jefferson`s Presidency Cornell Notes

Warm up
• The Constitution of the USA was written to make the
central government of the new country stronger than it
had been under the Articles of Confederation. Here is the
Preamble to the Constitution of the US:
“We the People of the United States, in order to form a
more perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic
tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the
general welfare & secure the blessings of liberty to
ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this
Constitution for the United States of America.”
• In the preamble what are six goals that the writers had in
mind for the Constitution? Which of these do you think is
most important and why?
Jefferson’s Presidency
1.01/1.03
The Election of
1800
Democratic
Republican Ticket: •
Federalist Ticket
What was the
issue in the
election?
•
John Adams & Charles Pickney
•
Jefferson & Adams tied w/73 votes a piece.
•
so it was up to the House of Representatives to
make the decision.
•
W/ Hamilton’s support and persuasion, Jefferson
became President & Burr VP
How were they
going to decide?
The Outcome??
Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr
3
The “Midnight
Judges”
•
•
John Marshall
•
•
In Adams final days of being President in 1801 he
attempted to fill the federal courts with members
of his party.
Due to the fact that these appointees were
appointed so last minute @ the end of Adam’s
presidency, Jefferson named them the “Midnight
Judges”.
In response to Adams quick move, Jefferson had his
secretary of state (James Madison) w/hold several
documents preventing some of the judges from
taking office.
In return, William Marbury, one of the midnight
judges sued Sect. of State Madison, to try to force
him to deliver the papers. Hence Marbury v.
Madison.
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What was Jay’s
Treaty again?
XYZ Affair
• The Jay’s treaty had upset the French gov’t &
as a result the French began seizing American
ships.
• 1797, Pres. John Adams sent a 3 men
delegation team to France to negotiate an
agreement b/w the 2 countries.
• The French foreign minister informed the
delegates that France would only negotiate only
if the US would lend the French $10 million.
– The US denied the demand
• When the matter became public, the men’s
names where substituted for X, Y & Z.
• The exposure of the XYZ Affair angered
Americans, but Adams wished to avoid war.
• He would once again send a negotiator to
France, this time resulting a treaty, the
Convention of 1800.
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How were we
going to fix our
issues with the
French?
•
With the Convention of 1800, France & the US were
able to negotiate some of their issues, reopened
trade & reestablished diplomatic relations.
•
•
The French agreed to stop seizing American ships.
It also ended the U.S.-French alliance, which
officially made the U.S. neutral
Convention of
1800
What decisions
were made?
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The Embargo Act
of 1807
• During Jefferson’s presidency, trouble b/w the
U.S. & Great Britain began once again.
• The U.S. had con’t to make efforts to stay
neutral through the Great Britain & French
war.
– Great Britain would again seize & impress
Not AGAIN!!
U.S. sailors.
– & the U.S. would be outraged & angered yet
again!
• Knowing that the U.S. wasn’t ready to enter a
war Jefferson had a different plan:
– An economic policy of peaceful coercion, or
non-violent, forceful persuasion.
Ah-Ha! … We will • The Embargo Act of 1807: stopped trade into
& out of American Ports.
just Stop Trading!
– The attempt failed & caused an economic
(Stupid Idea!)
disaster for U.S. merchants.
– It would be repealed in 1809.
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Summary:
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