Transcript Chapter 6: federalists and republicans

Chapter 6: Federalists and
Republicans
1789-1816
Section One:
The New Government
 The Bill of Rights was added in 1791
 10 Amendments were added because of a promise to
anti-federalists to protect basic rights
 Freedom of Religion, Speech, Fair Trials, etc
 The 10th Amendment= whatever is not stated in
Constitution is power given to the states
First President
 George Washington
 The only President to
win by unanimous vote
Institutions of Power
 President Washington established a Cabinet, an
advisory team




Secretary/Department of State
Secretary/Department of Treasury
Attorney General
Secretary/Department of War
 The judicial branch was organized, establishing the
Supreme Court
Department of State
 Thomas Jefferson
 Deals with matters of
foreign affairs
Department of the Treasury
 Alexander Hamilton
 Deals with financial and
monetary matters of the
country
Financing the Government was Top Priority
 Needed REVENUE= Needed MONEY
 Created the Tariff of 1789
 Supported by A. Hamilton
 A Tariff is a tax on imported and/or exported goods
 Hurt the South the most
The Right to Borrow Money
 Hamilton believed we
needed to be able to
borrow money to pay off
the debt
 Had Congress take on all
debt from the war
 Federal government
created BONDS- paper
notes promising to repay
the debt in exchange for
money
Opposition to Bonds
 They were not worth their value
 Opposition led by Madison
 Felt South was being hurt- they were losing more
money than the North through bonds
 Feared North would dominate the South
Another Compromise
 Jefferson, Madison, and Hamilton agreed on a
plan
1.
2.
 By
Madison and the South supported the plan
The Capital was to be moved South from New
York (modern day Washington DC)
moving Capital South, the South felt this
would offset the economic and political
advantages of the North
The Bank of the United States
 Or B.U.S.
 Proposed by Hamilton- created by Congress
 B.U.S. would:
create a common currency
2. promote trade
3. encourage investment
4. stimulate economic growth
1.
Not Everyone Liked the B.U.S.
 Again, South thought the
North would benefit the
most
 James Madison thought
it violated the
Constitution- nowhere
did it say the federal
government could create
a bank
Get on the B.U.S.
 Washington signs the bill- lasts next 20 years
 Thought
it did NOT violate the Constitution
Article I, Sec 8 federal government had power
“to make all laws which shall be necessary and
proper”
The Necessary and Proper Clause created
IMPLIED POWERSThey are powers that you have because it is
necessary to do the job, but not stated in
Constitution
The Whiskey Rebellion
 Hamilton also believed in taxing the people
 He taxed whiskey
 Enraged Western farmers
 In 1794, rebellion erupted
 Claimed “taxation without representation”
Outcome of the Whiskey Rebellion
 Washington ordered 15,000 troops to stop rebellion
 They were, in fact represented
 The use of force by government on its own people
worried some
A Change in Name
Federalists
 Washington, Adams,
Hamilton
 Wanted to work on
industrialization
Democratic-Republicans
 Madison and Jefferson
 Used to be anti-
federalists (Madison
changes)
 Also called Republicans
 Will in the 1800s become
the Democratic party
 Wanted to focus on
agriculture (agrarianism)
Section 2:
President Washington
 First President of the
United States
 Set the precedence for
only serving 2 terms
 Remember to reference
your Presidential Chart!!!
During His Time and President
Major treaties
Expansionism
 Jay’s Treaty
 Regulated trade with the
British, appeared to be
Pro-British
 US was rapidly moving
 Pinckney’s Treaty
 Treaty with Spain
 Allowed US to use
Mississippi River
West towards
Mississippi River
 Needed to figure out
plan with native
populations….
Washington’s Farewell Address
 His warning was……
John Adams
 Second President of the
United States
The Election of 1800
 Between Adams, Jefferson, Burr, Pinckney, and Jay
 Came down to Adams and Jefferson, but no one had
majority of electoral votes
 It then goes to the House to vote- but they kept tying
 Finally, Jefferson won- Adams was ashamed
The Revolution of 1800
 Term coined by
Thomas Jefferson
 Replaced Federalist
with Anti-Federalist
ideas
 Thought Washington
and Adams were too
much like royalty
 Created a less formal
presidency
Jefferson’s Presidency
 Wanted:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
smaller central government
weaker central government
to eliminate standing army
to eliminate the whiskey tax
Cut government spending
Role of Supreme Court Increases
 First important court
case:
 Marbury v. Madison
(1803)
 Established concept of
JUDICIAL REVIEW
 The power of the
judicial branch to
review laws
created/enforced by
other branches
More Westward Expansion
 Need more agricultural
land to fulfill Jefferson’s
agrarian society
 Only could go west
The Louisiana Purchase
 Napoleon wants to sell it




to US- he needs the
money
Jefferson wants to- but
can he???
By doing so, he would
violate his thoughts on
government
At $15 million- he could
not pass it up, so he
executed the purchase
US doubled in size!
Exploring the West
 Louis and Clark
 With the help of
Sacagawea, they make it
all the way to Pacific
Ocean
International Tensions
 Problems with Britain
 Impressment- the British were kidnapping US sailors at sea
and forced them into military service
 Instead of going to war, Jefferson passes the Embargo Act
1807
embargo-= ban on trade
 Did not work- war is looking possible

War of 1812
 See additional papers for notes on this topic