Transcript The First President and Jeferssonian Era

The First President
George Washington
George Washington established certain Precedents
that are still followed today. One example is to be
referred to as “Mr. President”.
Congress set up three departments in
the executive branch - Cabinet
Secretary of State – Thomas Jefferson Who would
handle relations with other nations.
Treasury Department which would
Deal with financial matters
Secretary of Treasury – Alexander
Hamilton
War Department which would provide
for the nation’s defense – Secretary of
War – Henry Knox
Fort Knox, Kentucky
Is named for Henry
Knox
Judiciary Act of 1789 – established the
Federal Court System which would have the
Power to reverse state decisions. The
Supreme Court would have the final
Authority.
John Jay would be first
Chief Justice to the United States
Supreme Court
James Madison introduced a set of amendments to the
United States Constitution. Ten of these were added in December
1791.
Two Party System
Federalists
Democratic-Republicans
 Supported
 Supported
Hamilton’s ideas of
a strong central
government
(Northerners)
http://youtu.be/t0aX8Jy1
tME
Jefferson’s vision of
a strong state
government
(Southerners)
Alien and Sedition Acts
 Alien Acts: American citizenship
raised from 5 to 14 years and President
could deport any alien considered
undesirable
 Sedition Acts: If anyone hindered the
government would be fined and jailed
The Jeffersonian Era
 The election of 1800 was against
Thomas Jefferson and John Adams
 Democratic Republicans
(‘Republicans’) supported Jefferson
while the Federalists supported Adams
 They both had an intense race, but
Jefferson won
What did Jefferson Believe?
 Thomas Jefferson believed that the
People should control the government
while the government should cut its
power down
Marbury v. Madison
 On page 118, summarize the following in
your notebook:
 ORIGINS OF THE CASE
 LEGAL REASONING
 WHY IT MATTERED
HISTORICAL IMPACT
 Take 10 Minutes to do this
Judicial Review
 Why would this be an important
landmark case for the young United
States?
Louisiana Purchase
Louisiana Purchase(1803)
 After the French and Indian War, Spain
handed this territory over to France
 After France decided not to colonize
that area, they sold it to the USA for 15
Million Dollars(very cheap)
War of 1812
 Britain and France were at war
 Britain would seize American sailors and
force them to serve in their Navy
 America became upset and declared war
 The British attacked DC but General
Andrew Jackson held them off
Results
Federalist Party died out
American Industries
began to develop
Showed USA was truly
independent
Monroe Doctrine
 After War of 1812, James Monroe elected
President; John Quincy Adams was
Secretary of state(believed in Nationalism)
 Warned European nations to stay out of
affairs in the Americas and vice-versa
The Age of Jackson
Early Industry
 The Industrial Revolution gradually reached
the USA
 The North began specializing in machinery
in which farming and manufacturing each
grew
 The South remained Agricultural
Cotton Gin
 This invention by Eli Whitney made producing
cotton easier
 Slave population grew to 1.5 million in the South
 The North was SLOWLY reducing their numbers
The American System
 House Speaker Henry Clay created 3 major
points about creating Economic Independence:
1. Protective Tariff
2. Rechartering the national bank
3. Sponsor transportation systems
Missouri Compromise
 In 1818, settlers of Missouri requested to be in
the Union
 There were arguments on whether or not it
should be a FREE state or SLAVE state
 To even out the north/south, Maine was added to
Union and FREE and Missouri added as SLAVE
 All states south of 36-30 was slave state and all
states north were free states
What tensions would
this cause?!
Indian Removal Act
 Government would negotiate treaties to
force Native Americans to move west
 Supreme Court ruled that Georgia could
not force them to move or invade them
 Jackson refused this order and had them
moved anyway
Trail of Tears
 Forced march of the Cherokees to Indian
Territory (800 Miles on foot)
 Also removed: Seminoles, Creek, Choctaw,
Chickasaw, Shawnee, Seneca, Ottawa, and others
 NOW ADD MOVEMENT TO YOUR MAP (pg.
125)