Transcript PPT Chapter 20 Section 2x

Warm Up
2/13/17
 What would you do if the dinner served to you in a
fancy restaurant came with a fly in the soup?
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9/18/14
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good.
European Nations Settle North
America 20.2
Setting the Stage
 England, France and the Netherlands soon became
interested in the Americas. They ignored the Treaty
of Tordesillas and set out to build their own empires
in North America.
Competing Claims in North America
 Not finding a route to Asia through
N. America, England, France, and
the Netherlands established
colonies in North America.
 In 1524, Giovanni da Verrazano, an
Italian sailing for France discovered
New York harbor.
 Jacques Cartier discovered a large
river and named it the St.
Lawrence. Moving inland he
named an island mountain, Mont
Real, now known as Montreal.
 In 1608, Samuel de Champlain
founded Quebec on the St.
Lawrence, which became the base
for the colonial empire known as
New France.
 In 1673, Jesuit Jacques Marquette
and trader Louis Joliet explored
Great Lakes and Mississippi River.
 Ten years later Sieur de La Salle
explored the lower Mississippi and
claimed the entire river valley for
France. Named Louisiana in honor of
King Louis XIV.
 New France now covered most of
midwestern US and eastern Canada.
 By 1760, only 65,000 colonists had
arrived from France. Most were
priest and single men trading in furs.
 Most came for the money, not to
build and stay to raise families.
English Arrive in North America
* In 1607, a group of 100 English
colonists landed in what is today
Virginia, and claimed the land for
King James, calling it Jamestown.
* It was disaster. More interested
in finding gold than planting crops.
Seven out of ten died of
starvation, diseases, or battles
with Native Americans.
* Outlook improved when the
colonist discovered tobacco.
Demand in England made it
profitable.
 In 1620, Pilgrims founded a
second English colony,
Plymouth, in Massachusetts.
They sought religious
freedom.
 Ten years later, Puritans also
sought religious freedom from
England’s Anglican Church.
Established larger colony at
Massachusetts Bay.
 Colony took hold because of
many families and not just
single men like Jamestown.
 In 1609, Henry Hudson, and
Englishman sailing for the
Dutch, and explored the
Hudson River, Hudson Bay,
and the Hudson Strait.
 Dutch merchants formed the Dutch
West India Company to trade furs.
 They called their new territory along
the Hudson, New Netherland.
 Many different Europeans settled
this area because the Dutch were
slow to come.
 Caribbean was also colonized:
French seized Haiti, Guadeloupe and
Martinique, England settled
Barbados and Jamaica, and the
Dutch captured what are now the
Netherlands Antilles and Aruba from
Spain.
 Huge sugar plantations were built
on these islands and African slaves
were needed to work them.
The Struggle for North America
 England, France and the
Netherlands battled for
supremacy.
 England seized New Netherland
and renamed it New York. (It was
splitting up English territory)
 By 1750, about 1.2 million English
settlers lived in 13 colonies from
Maine to Georgia.
 English wanted to expand west,
so an encounter with France was
about to happen.
 In 1754, a land dispute in the
Ohio Valley led to war between
the British and French, known
as the French and Indian War.
 It was part of a larger war called
the Seven Years War in Europe,
the West Indies and India where
England and France battled for
supremacy.
 British colonists along with the
British Army defeated the
French in North America in 1763.
The French surrendered their N.
America holdings and England
controlled eastern half of North
America.
Native Americans Respond
 Colonization brought disaster for most
Native Americans.
 French and Dutch cooperated with
Native Americans, trading furs for guns
and other supplies. Mostly peaceful.
 English sought to populate their
colonies, which pushed out the Native
Americans. They also wanted land to
grow tobacco.
 Religion became a problem. Puritans
viewed Native Americans as agents of
the devil. Native Americans felt the
same about colonists.
 In 1622 the Powhatan tribe killed 350
colonists in Jamestown, and retaliated
with a massacre of the Powhatan.
 One of the bloodiest was know as
King Philip’s War in 1675. Native
American ruler , Metacom
attacked colonial villages in
Massachusetts. Both sides
massacred hundreds! Colonists
finally defeated the Natives.
 Diseases also devastated the
Native American population.
 From South Carolina to Missouri
nearly whole tribes fell to small
pox, measles, and other diseases.
 The result was a shortage of labor
in the colonies. They needed a
supply of labor immediately.
Section 2 Quiz
1. Founded the St. Lawrence River.
a. La Salle
2. Claimed the entire Miss. River Valley
for France.
b. Native Americans
3. Founded Quebec
c. Champlain
4. Founded Plymouth Colony
d. Powhatans
5. Established Massachusetts Bay
Colony
e. Puritans
6. Killed 350 colonists in Jamestown
f. Cartier
7. Fell to smallpox, measles, and other
diseases
g. Pilgrims