Transcript Territorial Changes as a Result of World War I

Tuesdat, April 16, 2012
Take out your Middle East Documents
Begin Warm-Up
Warm-Up
1. With you partners briefly summarize the
main ideas of the packet.
2. What do these documents tell you about
the relationship between the Middle East
and the British and French? Why?
3. Why is this period of time considered to be
the turning point in relations between the
Middle East and the West?
Today’s Agenda
• Warm/Group Discussions
• Focus Notes: “The Treaty of Versailles
and Territorial Changes of WWI”
• Homework:
– Major Provisions of the Treaty of Versailles
– Socratic Seminar Prep
• Objective – Discuss and evaluate the phrase “A
peace built on quicksand”. Was this a fair peace
why or why not?
The Treaty of
Versailles and
Territorial Changes
of WWI
Today’s Standard
Standard’s 10.5/10.6 Understand the
human and financial costs of WWI,
and explain how this lead to the
negotiations and eventually the
terms of the Treaty of Versailles.
How did the Peace Process of WWI
change the “face” of Europe and lay
the foundation for WWII?
WW 1 Secret Treaties:
Sykes-Picot Agreement [1916]
 May 1916
Secret agreement
between France and
Britain, agreed to by
Russia – all received land
divided the Ottoman
Empire
Turning point in the
relationship b/w the
Middle East and the
West.
The Middle East in the 1920s
Balfour Declaration [1917]
Foreign Office
November 2nd, 1917
Dear Lord Rothschild.
I have much pleasure to convey to you, on behalf of His
Majesty’s Government, the following declaration of sympathy with
Jewish Zionist aspirations {hopes} which has been submitted to, and
approved by, the Cabinet.
“His Majesty’s Government view with favor the establishment in
Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their
best endeavors to facilitate {assist} the achievement of this object, it
being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice
the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in
Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other
country.”
I should be grateful if you would bring this declaration to the
knowledge of the Zionist Federation.
Yours sincerely,
ARTHUR JAMES BALFOUR
British Foreign Secretary
British Palestine Mandate in 1923
The Allies Meet at Versailles
•January 18, 1919 Paris Peace
Conference at the
Palace of Versailles
begins
•Delegates from 32
countries meet
•Russia and Germany
& its allies are NOT
represented
The Big Four
• Major decisions at
Peace Conference were
made by the Big Four:
– Woodrow Wilson:
United States
– David Lloyd George:
Great Britain
– Georges Clemenceau:
France
– Vittorio Orlando:
Italy
The Big Four
Major Provisions of Treaty
•
League of Nations:
5 Allied Powers and
32 allied and
neutral nations;
Germany & Russia
excluded; goal is
everlasting peace
•
Territorial Losses:
Alsace-Lorraine &
colonies in Africa &
Pacific
League of Nations Mandates in Africa
German Pacific Colonies [1914]
•
Military Restrictions: reduced
size of Germany’s army;
restricted importing &
manufacturing of weapons
•
War Guilt: Article 231;
Germany was held solely
responsible; had to pay allies
$33 Billion
New Nations &Territories After WW I