Transcript The End of the Great War

The End of the Great War
 November 11, 1918
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An armistice was signed at
Compiegne between
Germany and the Allies,
the terms of which were
determined by the Allies
At 11:00 am the hostilities
ended on the Western
Front.
 Wilson’s 14 Points
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Establish a League of
Nations to keep world peace
Ending of secret treaties
Freedom of the seas
Removing economic barriers
to trade
Reducing the size of national
armies and navies
Change colonial claims so
native people living in these
areas have more rights
 The Big Four
1.
2.
3.
4.
Woodrow Wilson- The
United States
David Lloyd GeorgeEngland
George ClemenceauFrance
Vittorio Orlando- Italy
 United States
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Just/fair division of
territories, keeping in mind
the smaller countries
Spirit of forgiveness toward
Germany
 Great Britain
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Germany to pay penalties
African colonies taken away
from Germany
Ottoman Empire to be
divided between
France/Britain
 France
 Weaken Germany to avoid
further aggression
 Wanted to take back Alsace
and Lorraine and
demilitarize the French and
German border
 Ottoman Empire to be
divided between
France/Britain
 Italy
 Land to be taken away from
Austria and given to Italy
(The Allies promised them
land if they entered into
WWI)
Treaty of Versailles
 Different Allied Objectives
 The “Big Four” who
dominated the peace
conference all had different
objectives
 After months of argument
and compromise emerged
the Treaty of Versailles
 Territorial
 Germany surrendered
Alsace-Lorraine to the
French
 Germany and AustriaHungry also lose other lands
 Austria-Hungry become two
separate nations
 Colonial
 Germany lost all its colonies
to the Allies to be held by the
League of Nations
 Disarmament
 German army was limited to
100,00 volunteer soldiers
 The Rhineland between
France & Germany was
demilitarized
 German navy was reduced to
a few small ships
 Submarines, military crafts,
and war industries were
prohibited
 War Guilt and Reparation
 Germany accepted sole
responsibility for causing the
war
 Agreed to pay reparations for
all damages
 League of Nations
 International organization of
countries formed after WWI
to promote peace
 The United States would not
join
 It will later turn into the
United Nations
Effects of WWI
 Social
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10 million soldiers were
killed and over 20 million
were wounded
Millions of civilians die
due to hostilities, famine
and disease
World was left with
hatred, intolerance and
extreme nationalism
 Economic
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War cost $350 Billion, so
people were taxed heavily
to pay for the war debt
Trade suffers
Communists seize power
in Russia and introduce
new economic system
Economic problems due to
the war will help cause the
Great Depression
 Political
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The United States emerges as
a world power
Three major European
Dynasties were dethroned
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New nations states arose in
Central Europe
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Russia, Austria-Hungry, &
Ottoman Empire
Austria, Hungry,
Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia,
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and
Poland
The League of Nations was
established
Many European nations will
turn to dictatorships due to
economic/political problems
Closing/Reflection
 What is an armistice?
 What were Woodrow Wilson’s 14 pts?
 Why was Wilson’s 14 pts unsuccessful?
 According to the Treaty of Versailles, who was the
cause of WWI?
 What were some of the social/economic effects of
WWI?
 How could the Treaty of Versailles have helped cause
WWII?