Transcript The Cell Theory - CGW-Life-Science

Cell Theory
by: Khari Sanchez
Some Cell Facts
The average human being is composed of
around 100 Trillion individual cells!!!
 It would take as many as 50 cells to cover
the area of a dot on the letter.
 There are millions of different types of cells.
 In the body, there are brain cells, skin cells,
liver cells, stomach cells.

Different types of cell structure
There are different types of cell structures.
For example we have bacteria, plant cell and a
animal cell.
These cells are use in daily life today.
Plant and Animals Similarities
They both have a have a nucleolus and nucleus.
 They both need a cell membrane.
 They both have to have to have a Centrosome.
 Both need to have rough endoplasmic reticulum
and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Structure
cell membrane
nucleus
nucleolus
ribosomes
ER
Golgi
centrioles
cell wall
mitochondria
cholorplasts
One big vacuole
cytoskeleton
Animal cells
Yes
Yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
yes
no
no
yes
Plant cells
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
yes
yes
Yes
3 Basic Components
The 3 Basic Components of the Cell Theory:
 1. All organisms are composed of one or
more cells.
 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all
living things.
 3. All cells are produced by the division of
preexisting cells.
Cell Organelles
Organelle= “little
organ”
 Found only inside
eukaryotic cells
 All the stuff in
between the
organelles is cytosol
 Everything in a cell
except the nucleus is
cytoplasm

Cytoskeleton
Acts as skeleton and
muscle
 Provides shape and
structure
 Helps move
organelles around the
cell
 Made of three types
of filaments

Ribosome
Site of protein
synthesis
 Found attached to
rough ER or floating
free in cytosol
 Produced in a part of
the nucleus called the
nucleolus

Golgi Apparatus
Looks like a stack of
plates
 Stores, modifies and
packages proteins
 Molecules transported
to and from the Golgi
by means of vesicles

Lysosomes
Garbage
disposal of
the cell
 Contain
digestive
enzymes that
break down
wastes

Mitochondria
“Powerhouse of the
cell”
 Cellular respiration
occurs here to release
energy for the cell to
use
 Bound by a double
membrane
 Has its own strand of
DNA

Chloroplast
Found only in plant
cells
 Contains the green
pigment chlorophyll
 Site of food (glucose)
production
 Bound by a double
membrane

Advantages of each kind of cell
architecture
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
simple and easy to
grow
can specialize
fast reproduction
multicellularity
all the same
can build large bodies
Prokaryote cells are smaller
and simpler
 Commonly
known as bacteria
 10-100 microns in size
 Single-celled (unicellular) or
 Filamentous (strings of single
cells)
Prokaryote cells are simply built
(example: E. coli)
 cytoplasm:
inner liquid
filling
 DNA in one big loop
 pilli: for sticking to
things
 flagella: for swimming
 ribosomes: for building
proteins
Eukaryotes are bigger and
more complicated
 Have
organelles
 Have chromosomes
 can be multicellular
 include animal and plant
cells
Eukaryote cells can be
multicellular
The whole cell can be specialized for
one job
 cells can work together as tissues
 Tissues can work together as organs

How Has The Cell Theory Been Used?
The basic discovered truths about cells, listed in
the Cell Theory, are the basis for things such as:
 Disease/Health/Medical Research and
Cures(AIDS, Cancer, Vaccines, Cloning, Stem Cell
Research.

Some Parting Thoughts
The cells that make up our bodies are just as alive
as we are.
 Humans are just an intricately designed
community of cells, which must work together to
survive.
 They are cells coming rub off and cells that are
coming apart.
 That is the cycle of cell.
