Transcript Plant & Animal Cells

Plant & Animal
Cells
The Discovery of Cells
 Robert Hooke in 1663 looked at plant
cells under a microscope and thought
they looked like the cells monks lived in
within their monasteries.
 As our microscopes became more powerful
over the years, we have learned a great
deal more about the inner workings of the
cell.
Cell Theory
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The cell theory outlines the importance
of cell to living things.
1. Cells are the basic structures that make up
living things.
2. Cells dictate the function of living things.
3. All cells come from preexisting cells.
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The average human body contains
between 10-100 trillion cells.
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100,000,000,000,000 cells!!!
Cell Organelles
 A cell is like our body in that it has a number of parts that
must all work together in order for the cell to function
properly.
 These little parts within the cell are called organelles (little
organs).
 Organelles look after a number of jobs within the cell such
as…
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Intake of nutrients
Movement
Growth
Responsiveness
Gas exchange
Waste excretion
Reproduction
Cell Membrane
 The cell
membrane is a
protective barrier
around the cell.
 It controls what
goes into or out
of the cell.
 Security!!!
Cytoplasm
 The cytoplasm is
a jelly-like
substance that fills
the cell and
surrounds the
organelles.
 It contains the
nutrients that the
cell needs to
survive.
 The Work Place!!!
Nucleus
 The nucleus is the
control centre of
the cell. It controls
all cell actvities.
 The nucleus is
where you will find
the DNA for the
cell.
 Nucleolus inside.
 The Boss!!!
Mitochondria
 The mitochondria
produce energy for
the cell.
 Cellular
Respiration
 Sugar  ATP!!!
 Powerhouses!!!
Ribosomes
 Ribosomes are the
tiny protein builders
within the cell.
 Proteins are the
“working molecules”
of the body.
 Workers!!!
Golgi Apparatus
 The Golgi
apparatus
modifies, sorts and
packages proteins
for delivery within or
out of the cell.
 The Golgi makes
vesicles for
transport.
 Shipping &
Receiving!!!
Endoplasmic Reticulum
 The ER is a series
of tubes made of
the same stuff as
the cell membrane.
 Rough ER helps
make proteins with
the ribosomes.
 Smooth ER makes
fats and oils.
Vacuoles & Vesicles
 Vacuoles and
vesicles store
nutrients, waste and
other substances.
 Vesicles can also be
used for transporting
substances in the
cell.
 Storage rooms &
Boxes!!!
Lysosomes
 Lysosomes digest
materials in the cell
using enzymes.
 The breakdown
invaders and old
parts of the cell.
 Bouncers &
Recyclers!!!
Cytoskeleton
 The cytoskeleton is
made of protein
filaments and
helps the cell
maintain its shape.
 Structure equals
Function!!!
 Iron Girders!!!
Cell Wall
 The cell wall is
only in plant cells
and it is a rigid
frame that provides
strength, protection
and support.
 The Great Wall!!!
Chloroplasts
 The chloroplast is
only in plants and it
carries out the
process of
photosynthesis.
 They make
glucose…sugar!!!
 Solar Panels!!!
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
Who has both plant and
animal cells???