Transcript Cell Structure and Funtion Powerpoint

Bell Ringer:
1. If a microscope has an eyepiece (x10), Low Power
(x20) and High Power (x35)…what would the
total magnification be for Low and High Power
2. Are the cells in an elephant bigger, smaller, or
about the same size as those in a mouse?
3. What is the largest Cell on Earth?
Bell Ringer:
1.
On a half sheet of paper, list EVERTHING you can
remember about anything that has to do with cells.
For example: Organelles and what they do? Cell
types? Photosynthesis?
Also….have you turned in your SAFETY CONTRACT?
Largest Single Cell on Earth?
Ostrich Egg
The discovery
of cells…
In late 1600s, an English scientist,
Robert Hooke used a primitive
microscope to look at a very tiny
slice of cork. He noticed that the
cork was made up of "a great
many of little boxes" and he called
those little boxes "cells".
Number of Cells
Although ALL living things are made of
cells, organisms may be:
 Unicellular – composed of one cell
 Multicellular- composed of many cells that
may organize into tissues, etc.
All Cells are not created equal!
All cells types are different….for example, a nerve cell could
not survive in a petri dish but an amoeba could. They all
have there own purpose
Cell Size and Types
 Cells, the basic units of organisms, can
only be observed under microscope
 Three Basic types of cells include:
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Bacterial Cell
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic units of
structure and function in living
things.
3. New cells are produced from
existing cells.
Prokaryote
 Cell without a
nucleus.
 Single Celled
 Example: Bacteria
Eukaryote
 Cell with a nucleus.
 Single or Multi-celled
 Example: Plant Cells,
Animals Cells and
Fungi, Amoebas
Animal Cell
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Nuclear
Membrane
Ribosome
(attached)
Ribosome
(free)
Cell
Membrane
Mitochondrian
Smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
Rough
endoplasmic
reticulum
Lysosome
Golgi apparatus
Cytoskeleton
Centrioles
Plant Cell
Vacuole
Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
Ribosome
(free)
Chloroplast
Cell
Membrane
Ribosome
(attached)
Nuclear
Membrane
Cell wall
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrian
Nucleus
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Attention:
You will need to know the organelles
their analogies and their functions
for the next quiz.
Cell Membrane
(plasma membrane)
 Controls the passage
of materials in and
out of the cell.
 “Front Door”
Cytoplasm
(not an organelle- but important)
 Fluid portion of
cell where organelles
live.
Cytoskeleton
 Framework of
the cell.
“Support Beams”
(Microtubules and Spindle Fibers)
Nucleus
 The control center of
the cell. DNA is
stored here.
 “Supervisor”
Nucleolus
 Makes ribosomes inside
the nucleus
 “Factory Workers”
Ribosomes
 Where Protein
synthesis takes place
 Ribosomes are “free”
and/or “attached” to
the E.R.
 “Manufacturing Plant”
Endoplasmic Reticulum
 Transports materials
throughout the cell.
“Network or Conveyor
Belt”
Golgi Complex
 The protein
packaging and
transport center of
the cell.
 “Shipping
Department”
Mitochondria
 Converts Glucose to ATP
(cellular respiration)
 “Powerhouse!”
Lysosome
(Animal cells only)
 Contains special
enzymes for
digestion in the cell.
 “Custodians”
Vacuole/Plastid
(plant cell only)
 Storage for water,
food, and waste.
 Plastids store
starch
“Storage Closet”
Cell Wall
(Plant Cell Only)
 Rigid and strong
wall. (cellulose)
 Protects and
maintains the shape
of the cell.
 “Outer Wall”
Chloroplast
(Plant Cell Only)
 Converts Sunlight
and water to Glucose
(photosynthesis)
 “Solar Panels”
Centrioles
 Manages Cell Division
 “Secretary”
Nuclear Membrane (Envelope)
 Membrane that
surrounds the nucleus
Flagella and Cilia
 Movement (locomotion)
 Found only in Bacteria