Transcript EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF 2011`S DISASTERS

2011’s EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
A GLOBAL WAKE-UP-CALL:
OUR CITIES MUST BECOME
DISASTER RESILIENT
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for
Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA
2011 showed that a city’s
ability to avoid catastrophic
mortality, morbidity, and
economic losses depends
upon its resilience (i.e., the
capability to take a hit from a
natural hazard and bounce
back after it happens).
2011’s MAIN LESSON
DISASTERS and CATASTROPHES
OCCUR WHEN ALL FOUR PILLARS
OF DISASTER RESILIENCE ARE
NOT IN PLACE.
RISK ASSESSMENT
•HAZARD MAPS
•INVENTORY
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
ACCEPTABLE RISK
RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
ANTICIPATORY
DECISIONS
DATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
YOUR
COMMUNITY
4 PILLARS OF DISASTER
RESILIENCE
HAZARDS:
GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
BEST POLICIES AND
PRACTICES FOR:
•PREPAREDNESS
•PROTECTION
•RESPONSE & RECOVERY
2011’s NOTABLE NEARDISASTERS, DISASTERS,
AND CATASTROPHES
NOTABLE DISASTERS AND CATASTROPHES
DURING 2011
FLOODS IN AUSTRALIA
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
COMMUNITY DISASTER
RISK REDUCTION
EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI IN
JAPAN
WILDFIRES IN ARIZONA
AND TEXAS
CATALYSTS
FOR CHANGE
HURRICANE IRENE AND
TROPIAL STORM LEE
FLOODS ALONG THE
MISSISSIPPI River
SUPER TORNADO
OUTBREAK
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
MONSOON RAIN-TRIGGERED
LANDSLIDES KILL AT LEAST
700 IN RIO DE JANEIRO
STATE, BRAZIL
ALTHOUGH RAINFALL IN MID-JANUARY
IS COMMON, A MONTH’S RAINFALL IN 24
HOURS IS NOT
JANUARY 13-20, 2011
5 MILLION BRAZILIANS LIVE
IN HIGH-RISK AREAS
Five million Brazilians live in
500 areas deemed at high risk
for landslides and 300 areas at
high risk for flooding.
NOVO FRIBURGO: DEBRIS
MONSTER WINTER STORM
IMPACTS USA’S MIDWEST
AND NEW ENGLAND
STATES
From ice in Texas to too much snow in
New England
FEBRUARY 1-2, 2011
MONSTER WINTER STORM
(FLORIDA IS LOWER RIGHT): FEB 1
CYCLONE YASI STRIKES
NORTHERN QUEENSLAND
STATE, AUSTRALIA
CAT 5 monster storm made landfall with
winds gusting to 300 km/hr
FEBRUARY 2-3, 2011
CYCLONE YASI: A TROPICAL
DISTURBANCE ON JANUARY 25
WILDFIRES RAGED OUT OF
CONTROL IN WEST TEXAS
AND TEXAS PANHAMDLE
DROUGHT - AND WIND- AIDED
WILDFIRES SCORCHED
80,000 -100,000 ACRES
MARCH 12 - APRIL 11, 2011
WILDFIRE IN TEXAS
PANHANDLE
Billowing smoke
caused by a
wildfire in the
Texas
Panhandle near
Borger, Texas,
Sunday, March
12, 2006.
M9.0 TOHOKU
EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI
DEVASTATED JAPAN
4TH
LARGEST QUAKE EVER
3 – 100 M TSUNAMI WAVES
2:46 pm MARCH 11, 2011
DISASTER RISKS FACED BY JAPAN
EARTHQUAKES
GOAL: REDUCE DISASTER
RISK
DEVELOP POLICIES FOR
ACTIONS HAVING HIGH
BENEFIT/COST FOR
DISASTER RESILIENCE
TSUNAMIS
TYPHOONS
FLOODS
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
LANDSLIDES
TSUNAMI WAVE PATH
PASSENGERS STRANDED:
SENDAI STATION
FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR
FACILITY HAD 3 FAILURES
DEVASTATING LANDSLIDE
IN THE PHILIPPINES
INDUCED BY HEAVY RAIN
22 MINERS TRAPPED, BUT ONLY 3
DEATHS
2:30 am, GOOD FRIDAY,
APRIL 22, 2011
DEVASTATING LANDSLIDE IN
THE PHILIPPINES
SEARCH AND RESCUE
164 TORNADOS IN 24 HOURS
IMPACTED 7
SOUTHEASTERN STATES
MS HIT BY EF5 AND AL BY
EF4 TORNADOES
OVERALL DEATH TOLL REACHED 350
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 27THURSDAY, APRIL 28, 2011
TUSCALOOSA, AL: 15TH STREET
DAMAGE; APRIL 27, 2011
SAVING DOWNSTREAM CITIES
AND REFINERIES WAS
THE GOAL AS MISSISSIPPI
RIVER CRESTED IN MEMPHIS
AND FLOOD WATERS MOVED
SOUTHWARD
MONDAY, MAY 9, 2011
THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER LOOKING LIKE
AN OCEAN, NOT A RIVER: MAY 9
WORST SINGLE TORNADO
SINCE 1953 STRIKES JOPLIN,
MISSOURI
REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER TAKES
A DIRECT HIT
AT LEAST 116 DEATHS
SUNDAY, MAY 22, 2011
WARNING SYSTEMS
• Tornado sirens blared, giving
residents10 to 17 minutes of
warning.
THE STORM SYSTEM AT 6:20 PM
SATURDAY, MAY 21: TOPEKA, KS
EARLY SUNDAY MORNING: BAD
WEATHER
MAY 23: At daybreak, rescue
crews were looking at piles
of 2,000 damaged buildings,
splintered houses and
crushed cars, house after
house reduced to slabs, cars
crushed like soda cans, ---
CONTINUED: ---Shaken
residents roamed streets in
search of missing family
members, fires from gas
leaks burning across town,
and more violent weather
looming.
ST JOHNS REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER TOOK A DIRECT HIT: JOPLIN, MO
HEAVY DAMAGE ALONG ½ MILEWIDE - 6 MILE LONG PATH
RECORD FLOODING IN
NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA:
MUDSLIDES EXACERBATED
DISASTER IN S KOREA
SHARP CONTRAST IN INFORMATION
TUESDAY, JULY 20 - THURSDAY,
JULY 28, 2011
CHRONOLOGY OF THE
DISASTER
• The heaviest rainfall to impact N
and S Korea in a century started
on Tuesday, July 20th.
• The Han River, which runs
through Seoul, reached its
highest point just before dawn
on Sunday, July 25th
NORTH KOREA: SATURDAY, JULY
24, 2011
SOUTH KOREA: 100,000 SOLDIERS
MOBILIZED FOR SEARCH/RESCUE
FLOODING IN BANKOK,
THAILAND AREA
Worst flooding in 50 Years
JULY - OCTOBER, 2011
OVER 370 DEAD AND
LOSSES IN EXCESS OF $6
BILLION FROM
PROLONGED FLOODING
BANGKOK: A FLOODED BEAUTY
SALON
SANDBAGGING: CHAO
PRAYA RIVER
IRENE: A $7 BILLION DISASTER
Ninth Storm and the First Hurricane of
the 2011 Atlantic Basin Storm Season
August 21 to August 30
2011
AUG 28: FORECAST OF IRENE’S EXIT
TYPHOON ROKE STRIKES JAPAN
Three Weeks after Typhoon Talas
(killed 67), and a M6.6 Earthquake
September 21, 2011
PATH OF TYPHOON TALAS
EARTHQUAKE STRIKES
CHRISTCHURCH, NEW
ZEALAND
A SHALLOW (4.1 KM), M6.3 QUAKE
LOCATED 5 KM FROM
CHRISTCHURCH (USGS) STRUCK
AT NOON ON A WORK DAY
EPICENTRES: SEPT 2010 AND
FEB 2011 EARTHQUAKES
THE SHALLOW, 20 KM (12 MILE)
DEEP, SMALLER EARTHQUAKE
WAS MUCH MORE DESTRUCTIVE
THAN THE DEEPER, LARGER
EARTHQUAKE
M7.2 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES VAN
PROVINCE IN EASTERN TURKEY
600 DEAD
1:41 PM (6:41 AM EDT),
OCTOBER 24, 2011
COLLAPSED BUILDINGS:
TABALANI
GAMALAMA ERUPTS IN
INDONESIA
eruption began at 11:00 PM
Extensive Mudflows Triggered
DECEMBER 4, 2011
1715-M-HIGH VOLCANO
GAMALAMA
GOAL: COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE
USE DISASTERS INFO TO
IMPROVE COMMUNITY
RESILIENCE
INCREASE TECHNICAL
AND POLITICL CAPACITY
OF COMMUNITY TO COPE
INCREASE OWNERSHIP
AND USE OF KNOWLEDGE
AND EXPERIENCE
FLOODS
SEVERE WIND STORMS
EARTHQUAKES
DROUGHTS
LANDSLIDES
WILDFIRES
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
TSUNAMIS
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS
TURNING 2011’S DISASTERS INTO
DISASTER RESILIENCE
USE EDUCATIONAL SURGES TO
CREATE TURNING POINTS
BUILDING CAPACITY FOR
DISASTER RESILIENCE
• Identify the gaps in community capacity in
the four critical elements of the solution.
• Concentrate resources on filling the gaps
in the four critical elements of the solution
and start creating turning points for
changing FROM NON-RESILIENT TO
RESILIENT.
4 CRITICAL ELEMENTS FOR
DISASTER RESILIENCE
• PREPAREDNESS
(READY FOR ANY
COMPLEX EVENT)
• PROTECTION
(BUILD ESSENTIAL
AND CRITICAL
FACILITIES TO
WITHSTAND)
4 CRITICAL ELEMENTS FOR
DISASTER RESILIENCE
• RESPONSE
(SAVING LIVES, AND
ENSURING
CONTINUITY)
• RECOVERY
(BOUNCING BACK
QUICKLY AND
RESUMING LIFE
AVAIN)