Transcript turning 2011`s disasters into disaster resilience educational surges

TURNING 2011’S DISASTERS INTO
DISASTER RESILIENCE
EDUCATIONAL SURGES
PART 1
Dr. Walter Hays,
Global Alliance For
Disaster Reduction
GOAL: COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE
USE DISASTERS INFO TO
IMPROVE COMMUNITY
RESILIENCE
INCREASE TECHNICAL
AND POLITICL CAPACITY
OF COMMUNITY TO COPE
INCREASE OWNERSHIP
AND USE OF KNOWLEDGE
AND EXPERIENCE
FLOODS
SEVERE WIND STORMS
EARTHQUAKES
DROUGHTS
LANDSLIDES
WILDFIRES
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
TSUNAMIS
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS
EXAMPLES OF 2011’s
DISASTERS
NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2011
FLOODS IN AUSTRALIA
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR
COMMUNITY DISASTER
RISK REDUCTION
EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI IN
JAPAN
WILDFIRES IN ARIZONA
AND TEXAS
CATALYSTS
FOR CHANGE
HURRICANE IRENE AND
TROPIAL STORM LEE
FLOODS ALONG THE
MISSISSIPPI River
SUPER TORNADO
OUTBREAK
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
A DISASTER is ----- the set of failures that overwhelm the
capability of a community to respond
without external help when three
continuums: 1) people, 2) community
(i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and
social constructs), and 3) complex
events (e.g., floods, earthquakes, ...,)
intersect at a point in space and time.
BENEFITS OF AN
EDUCATIONAL SURGE
• Transforms information and
experience gained from a
disaster into knowledge and
technology for educational
surges that can be used to
make the stricken community
disaster resilient.
BUILDING CAPACITY FOR
DISASTER RESILIENCE
• Identify the gaps in community capacity in
the four critical elements of the solution.
• Concentrate resources on filling the gaps
in the four critical elements of the solution
and start creating turning points for
change.
RISK ASSESSMENT
•HAZARD MAPS
•INVENTORY
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
ACCEPTABLE RISK
RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
FOCUS ON FOUR
CRITICAL AREAS
DATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
STRICKEN
COMMUNITY
DISASTER RESILIENCE
HAZARDS:
GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
BEST POLICIES AND
PRACTICES FOR:
•PREPAREDNESS
•PROTECTION
•RESPONSE & RECOVERY
CRITICAL E;EMENTS FOR
DISASTER RESILIENCE
• PREPAREDNESS
(READY FOR ANY
COMPLEX EVENT)
• PROTECTION
(BUILD ESSENTIAL
AND CRITICAL
FACILITIES TO
WITHSTAND)
COMMON AGENDA FOR
DISASTER RESILIENCE
• RESPONSE
(SAVING LIVES, AND
ENSURING
CONTINUITY)
• RECOVERY
(BOUNCING BACK
QUICKLY AND
RESUMING LIFE
AVAIN)
BENEFITS OF AN
EDUCATIONAL SURGE
• Intensifies efforts to
protect essential (schools)
and critical (hospitals, dams,
transportation, systems, and
power plants) facilities.
EDUCATIONAL SURGES CREATE TURNING
POINTS FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE
ALL SECTORS OF
SOCIETY INFORMED
EDUCATIONAL
SURGES WILL
INCREASE
KNOWLEDGE
OF A COMMUNITY’S RISK
IGNORANCE TO
ENLIGHTENMENT
APATHY TO
EMPOWERMENT
BOUNDARIES TO
NETWORKS
STATUS QUO TO GOOD
POLITICAL DECISIONS
TURNING POINTS FOR CHANGE
NEW RESOURCES
NEW DELIVERY MECHANISMS
EDUCATIONAL
SURGES WILL
RESULT IN …
NEW PROFESSIONAL
LINKAGES
NEW LEGISLATIVE MANDATES
NEW DIALOGUE ON BUILDING
A CULTURE OF DISASTERRISK REDUCTION
EDUCATIONAL SURGE
ADD VALUE
INCREASE
AWARENESS
AN EDUCATIONAL
SURGE WILL
INCREASE
UNDERSTANDING
INCREASE POLITICAL
WILL
BUILD EQUITY
BENEFITS OF EDUCATIONAL SURGES
EXPAND CAPABILITY
IMPROVE DELIVERY
MECHANISMS
EDUCATIONAL
SURGES
OVERCOME UNIVERSAL
BARRIERS
CREATE TURNING
POINTS OF CHANGE
INCREASE COMMUNITY
DISASTER RESILIENCE
THE THREE CONTINUUMS OF
EVERY DISASTER
• PEOPLE
• COMMUNITY
• COMPLEX EVENTS
A DISASTER IMPACTS ALL
SOCIETAL ELEMENTS
COMPLEX EVENTS THAT CAN
CAUSE A DISASTER
• Single- or multiple-event natural
hazards that, (for various reasons),
cause extreme levels of morbidity,
mortality, homelessness,
joblessness, economic losses, and
environmental impacts.
FLOODS IN AUSTRALIA
DECEMBER 10, 2010 –
JANUARY 11, 2011
LOCATION MAP
CAUSES
OF RISK
LOSS OF FUNCTION OF
STRUCTURES IN FLOODPLAIN
INUNDATION
INTERACTION WITH
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
FLOODS
CASE HISTORIES
STRUCTURAL/CONTENTS
DAMAGE FROM WATER
WATER BORNE DISEASES
(HEALTH PROBLEMS)
EROSION AND MUDFLOWS
CONTAMINATION OF GROUND
WATER
GREAT QUEENSLAND FLOOD
INUNDATES 22 TOWNS,
DISPLACES 200,000, KILLS 35,
AND CAUSES LOSSES OF
OVER $5 BILLION IN
AUSTRALIA
Catastrophic flooding in
Queensland was fed by one
of the most intense La Nina
weather events in decades.
75 PERCENT OF
QUEENSLAND STATE
DECLARED A DISASTER
ZONE
RECORD FLOODING IN
AUSTRALIA:
NEW SOUTH WALES
ROCKHAMPTON
TOOWOOMBA
BRISBANE
DECEMBER 10, 2010 – JANUARY 11, 2011
QUEENSLAND: WIDESPREAD
IMPACTS
• Socioeconomic impacts for
200,000 people included:
evacuations, industrial slowdown, a plague of snakes and
crocodiles, health care problems,
missing persons, deaths, and
losses of 5+ Billion.
WORST FLOODING IN A
DECADE REACHES CITY
AFTER CITY
Floodwaters drained slowly
towards the country's northeast
coast, filling bulging rivers and
inundating at least 22 towns and
cities in the cattle and fruit and
vegetable farming region.
THE FIRST PHASE OF
RECORD FLOODING BEGAN
IN DECEMBER
DECEMBER 10, 2010
DECEMBER STORMS BROUGHT
HEAVY RAINFALL: DEC. 17, 2010
NEW SOUTH WALES: 45
FLOOD DISASTER ZONES
TOWN OF BUNDABERG
INUNDATED
ROCKHAMPTON BECAME AN
ISLAND:JANUARY 3, 2011
INUNDATED AIRPORT
RUNWAYS: JANUARY 3, 2011
FLEEING WITH POSSESSIONS:
JANUARY 3, 2011
TRADITIONAL SANDBAGGING
HAD LIMITED VALUE
FITZROY RIVER PEAKED AT
9.2 M: JANUARY 6, 2011
FLOOD WATERS CRIPPLE
COAL INDUSTRY: JAN 7, 2011
THE THIRD PHASE OF
FLOODING WAS TRIGGERED
BY FLASH FLOODING
JANUARY 11, 2011
QUEENSLAND: WIDESPREAD
IMPACTS
• Socioeconomic impacts for
about 200 thousand people
included: industrial slow-down,
evacuations, a plague of snakes
and crocodiles, and health care
problems associated with
evacuation and water-borne
diseases.
INUNDATED ROADWAYS SHUT
DOWN TRUCKS
TOWN OF THEODORE:
FLOODED
THEODORE’S HOUSES
INUNDATED
TOWN OF BUNDABERG
INUNDATED
IMPACTS
• Cars were transformed into
“boats” and became scrap metal
as they collided with
infrastructure; giant metal
industrial bins were tossed about
as if made of paper; and houses
were torn off foundations.
STRATEGIES FOR FLOOD
DISASTER RESILIENCE
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR
FLOOD RISK REDUCTION
• REAL TIME WEATHER
FORCASTING AND
WARNING SYSTEMS
• MEASURMENT
TECHNOLOGIES (E.G.,
STREAM GAGUES)
• RISK MODELING (E.G.,
HAZUS, INSURANCE
UNDERWRITING)
• DATABASES
• MAPS: 100-YEAR AND
500-YEAR FLOODS
• FLOOD DISASTER
SCENARIOS
• DRONE PLANES
• HAZMAT
MANAGEMENT
FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE
STRATEGIES
• PURPOSE
• PREVENTION
• PROTECTION
• LAND USE
CONTROL
• TECHNIQUE
• WATERSHED
MANAGEMENT
• FLOOD CONTROL
(DIKES, LEVEES,
AND DAMS)
• HAZARD MAPS
(RISK ZONES)
FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE
STRATEGIES
• TECHNIQUE
• PURPOSE
• EMBANKMENTS;
• SITE MODIFICATION SANDBAGS
• ALERT/WARNING
• EVACUATION
• MONITORING
• STREAM GAGUES;
• RISK ZONES
DRONE PLANES
• IMPROVE
• 100-500 YEAR
PREPAREDNESS
FLOOD MAPS
• SCENARIOS