Transcript The Tourism Industry - The Einsteiners 2008

Discuss with your friends:
 What is your favorite place
to go on vacation?
 Why do you like that place?
•
•
•
•
Services are normally divided into three
groups:
Consumer services are those offering services
directly to the consumer. Exp: retailing
(shops, high street banks and estate agents)
and tourism and leisure services.
Producer services are intermediate services
that help business of all kind carry out their
activities (banking, law, transport,
warehousing, and consultants).
Public services are a crucial element of any
modern economy (electricity and water
companies)
•
•
•
•
Leisure can be defined as a stay away from
one’s normal place of residence which
includes at least one night but for less than
one year.
Tourist destination area refers to a place that
tourists travel to.
Tourist generating are refers to a place that
tourist come from.
Tourism refers to the activities of tourists and
the industry that caters to their needs.
Based on resources
a. Primary resources – scenic, climatic,
ecological, historical, and heritage.
b. Secondary resources – accommodation,
catering, entertainment and infrastructure.
Based on type of tourism
a. Domestic – residents taking trips or holidays
within their own country.
b. Inbound – non-resident visitors to a country.
c. Outbound – residents going outside their
own country.
As the demands for recreation and tourism
increase, so too will their impact on other
socio-economic structure in society, tourist
environments and wildlife habitats.
Tourists will compete for space and resources
with:
• Local people living and working in the area,
e.g. farmers, quarry workers, foresters, water
and river authority employees.
• Other visitors wishing to pursue different
recreational activities, e.g. water skiers, windsurfers, anglers and bird watchers.
•


The International Ecotourism Society defines
ecotourism as "responsible travel to natural
areas that conserves the environment and
improves the well-being of local people."
The goal of ecotourism is to enjoy nature, not
all tourism in natural areas is sustainable and
can be defined as ecotourism.





Minimal impact to the natural environment
Sensitivity and enhanced awareness of local
environments and cultures
Financial support for local conservation
initiatives
Empowerment and participation of local
communities
Financial and other benefits for local
communities
•
•
A growth in ecotourism has the aims for
safeguarding both natural and built
environment, being sustainable and enabling
local people to share in the economic and
social benefits.
Honey spots is places with special interest or
appeal that are very popular with visitors and
which tend to become over crowded at peak
times.
Demand factors:
• Disposable income
• Leisure time
• Changing lifestyle
Supply factors
• Amenities consists of attractions and facilities
• Accessibility
• Affordability
• Subsidiary services
• Quality services
Disposable income
 Disposable income is the amount of money
left for an individual to spend or to be put
aside savings, after taxes.
 The income usage and amount of household
savings of the people are influenced by the
economic conditions of a country.
Leisure time
• Leisure time refers to time available outside
the demands of work or duty.
• People with more leisure time may be more
inclined to travel
Changing lifestyle
• A fast-paced lifestyle and the associated
stress of modern living has given some
people reason to travel as a form of
relaxation.
• As people become better educated and wellinformed, travel has become an avenue for
self-discovery.
Amenities consist of:
• Attractions
The presence of attractions within a country
generally encourages international as well as
domestic tourism.
• Facilities
Tourists are more likely to travel to a place
where there is a wide range of facilities to
choose from.
Accessibility
 Having better accessibility means having a
well-developed transport network.
 A transport network comprises roads, tracks,
railways, shipping lanes and other marked
pathways that facilitate movement from one
place to another.
 A good transport network will ensure the
arrival at a destination in the shortest time
possible.
Affordability
 The cost of travel also influences an
individual’s travel plan.
 In recent years, air travel has become
cheaper, especially with the entry of low-cost
carries offering low ticket prices.
Subsidiary services
 These services include marketing,
reservation, and coordination among the
different tour agencies operating within a
country.
Quality services
 Quality service would probably leave a
favorable impression on tourists.
 Such pleasant experiences might prompt
tourists to make repeat visits or even
recommend the country to their friends.
 In order to provide quality service, hotel and
retail management worldwide are sending
staff for training or hiring consultants to help
their employees.
Prevalence of media
Prevalence of media
 Media refers to the means of communication
used to reach or influence people widely.
 These media encourage the growth of
tourism though attractive advertising and by
making information readily available.
Other reasons for the growth of
tourism
•
Prevalence of media
•
Ease of making travel bookings
•
Meetings and conventions
•
Reduction of political barriers
•
•
•
Ease of making travel bookings
Travel arrangements can be easily made via
phone bookings or by fax, or even internet
bookings.
Meetings and conventions
Business travel in the form of attending
meetings and conventions give an impact on
the growth of global tourism.
Reduction of political barriers
The erosion of political barriers has boosted
tourist travel into and out of countries which
previously had strict travel restrictions.
Here are the stages and how they might apply to surfing.
1. Exploration: A secret spot is disovered, no amenities,
must "go feral".
2. Involvement: A few locally-run camps and a few
concessions are established
3. Development: A well defined tourism industry is
developed with advertising the destination
4. Consolidation: Tourism become a dominant feature of
the local economy
5. Stagnation: Tourism growth slows and carrying capacity is
reached, the area is no longer a new hotspot, maybe its
overbuilt
6. Decline or rejuvination: Decline results as tourists choose
other destinations, rejuvination typically requires
attracting a different kind of tourist.






Positive impacts on the
economy
Contribution to
revenue
Development of
infrastructure
Creation of jobs
Contribution to local
economies
Diversification of local
economies
Increase in foreign
investment







Negative impacts on
the economy
Loss of income and
development
opportunities
Enclave tourism
High infrastructure
cost
Unequal development
of industries
Increase in prices
Vulnerability to
seasons and
unforeseen events
Positive impacts:
 Exchange of values
 Preservation of
heritage
 Encourage
education
 Increases
international
understanding
Negative impacts:
 Loss of local
identity and values
 Conflict of resource
use
 Economic inequality
 Clash of values
 Crime generation
 Increases social
pathology
Positive impacts:
 Improve
landscaping and
architectural
standards
 Establishment of
nature reserves and
National Park.
 Promotes interest in
monuments and
historic buildings.




Negative Impacts:
Tourist complex do
not integrate with
local architecture.
Destruction of
natural
environment and
wildlife habitat.
Loss of ecosystems
and increase
pollution.