Transcript Tourists tourists…everywhere!

Tourists tourists…everywhere!
The changing and now global
pattern of this type of pop
movement
• From local to global
• Growth over time has led to changes in
location and type
• Social, economic, political, media, etc
have influenced growth and pattern of this
industry
Types…
• Recreation, business, education, health
• Mass tourism
• Alternative tourism = ecotourism, green
tourism
• sustainable
trends
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World’s biggest industry
Growth = ..local..national, international
Length of time a resort sustains popularity
Problems that can drive tourists
away…sickness, cost, politiacl problems,
terrorism, better in another place, been
there done that …,keeping up with the
‘Jones’’, etc
Factors influencing global tourism
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Transport.. particularly air
Tour operators /package
Internet
Economic
Political
Social
Tourism and economic
development
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Amount per year on tourism ..increaes with development
HDI (life expectancy, literacy, and GDP)
See development notes
Eg = Thailand popular due to rise in standard of living in
MEDC’s and neighbours and cheap air travel, rising cost
of Spain etc, search by tourists for newer more exotic
places, diversity within Thailand = beaches, western
style resorts, nightlife, temples, history, culture
• Important as = top earner, labour intensive, spin-offs,
multiplier, trickle down
• Eg = Iceland =ecotourism, change from hot, unspoilt,
good exciting environment matches Alaska, Patagonia,
etc. Concentrated in SW
The growth of tourism issues
• Opportunities and problems
• Creates opportunities …employment, infrastructure, community
development, environmental protection.
• Creates problems … social and cultural change, inequality,
seasonality of employment, environmental degradation.
• Think of Spain's concrete coast
• Eg = St Kitts and Nevis (Caribbean)
• Physical and economic backgrounds, natural /cultural resources,
fragile maintenance of tourism after 9/11,
• Opportunities.. climate, well educated, spoken English, political
stability, near N. America so…more jobs, spin-offs, generate foreign
exchange, improved skills,investment, environmental protection.
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Problems for LEDC’s…
Revenue goes out of country
Booked through MEDC’s
Transport owned by MEDC’s
Imported foods
Sensitive to downturn in global economy
Go out of fashion
(use of cruise ships, enclave tourism, environmental impact)
Eg = Tenerife = economic background, climate, volcano,growth
through packages, brought employment, infrastructure and
environmental protection =
• Problems …degradation of local environments..skyscrappers,
walking on volcano, break-up of community
• Future…better class of tourist!! + ecotourism
Managing tourism sustainably
• Balancing socio-economic and
environmental needs
• By ecotourism, green tourism, etc.
• ‘By meeting the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their needs’
• Involving the locals
• Respecting and retaining traditions
• Ideas of equity
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Eg = lake district…
Origins = poets etc
Creation of National Parks
Managing National Parks in Uk..
Traffic, quality of landscape, conflict
amongst users, water management, lake
management, pollution, footpath erosion,
infrastructure…
To answer
• With reference to named examples…
• Show how management and planning can
contribute to tourism’s sustainable use of
environmental resources
• Or
• Describe and explain how travel and
tourism have been a positive influence on
the world.