Imperialism - New Caney ISD
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Transcript Imperialism - New Caney ISD
Imperialism
Africa
Imperialism – the takeover of a country or
territory by a stronger nation with the intent
of dominating the political, economic, and
social life of the people
Africa
Causes of Imperialism
Industrial Revolution
Need for raw materials
Need for people to trade with
Nationalism
My country’s better
Social Darwinism = Survival of the fittest = war
White Man’s Burden
White people were superior and therefore need to
teach other races
Christianity needs to spread
Dr. Livingstone and Henry Stanley
Africa
Problem with Africa = malaria delivered by
mosquitoes
However, Europe solved that problem with the
drug quinine
Africa
Stanley comes back and has African tribes in
Congo sign away their land to Belgium
Congo was 80 times larger than Belgium
Africa
How did they do it?
Better weapons (machine guns)
Steam Engines = railroads, steamers
Africans fought against each other and not
against Europeans
Other countries started to follow Belgium
Africa
To prevent fighting, the European nations
met at the Berlin Conference to lay down
rules for the division of Africa
No African nation was represented
Africa
Cecil Rhodes led
Britain into Africa and
found Diamond mines
= DeBeers company
started
Also wanted a
railroad from South
Africa to North Africa
to transport diamonds
Africa
Some Africans fought back
In southern Africa, Shaka
Zulu fought against Boers
= lost because of no
superior weapons
Africa
Algeria under Samori
Toure actively
resisted the French
for 16 years
Religious resistants
like the Maji Maji
rebellion against the
Germans happened
often (German killed
26,000 with machine
guns)
Africa
Ethiopia under
Menelik II
successfully resisted
using modern
weapons to defeat the
Italians at the Battle
of Adowa
Only African country
to remain free
Africa
One other African
country stayed
independent
Liberia because it
was protected by the
US
US sent some slaves
back to Africa and
that was the country
they created
Positives
Local warfare was reduced
Life spans increased
Literacy increased
Technology advanced
Negatives
Africans lost control of land and independence
Many died from smallpox
Famines as cash crops replaced food
Breakdown of traditional cultures
Africa was divided badly
Ottoman
Ottoman Empire started to collapse
Ottoman
European countries began to take territory
away from the Ottoman Empire
Examples: Greece and Serbia becoming
independent
Examples: Crimean War = Russia fighting for ports
on the Black Sea
Ottoman
Florence Nightingale
Ottoman
Muhammad Ali took control
of Egypt from the Ottomans
Under his heirs, the Suez
Canal was built; it
connected the
Mediterranean Sea with the
Red Sea, so travelers did
not have to go all the way
around Africa.
Ottoman
Britain soon took the Suez Canal from Egypt
because of debts
Europe took away land for its strategic
location or products = geopolitics
Ottoman
USA
USA also becomes
imperialistic using the
Monroe Doctrine which
says no European nation
can colonize the West
A ship of ours called the
USS Maine blew up in a
Spanish harbor in Cuba
= Spanish-American
War
USA
We won and received
Spanish territory in
the Caribbean and
the Pacific
Caribbean = Puerto
Rico, Cuba
Pacific = Philippines,
Guam
USA
Philippines under Emilio
Aguinaldo fought the US
because we said we would
give them independence and
we did not, but lost
USA
US led by sugar
planter Sanford Dole
also took Hawaii from
Queen Liliuokalani
We did this because
we needed a naval
base in the Pacific
and cheap sugar
USA
The US also helped build the
Panama Canal which
connected the Atlantic and the
Pacific Oceans in Central
America
British Empire
East India Company came to India and soon
took over India
It had its own army and controlled the Indian
government
British Empire
India has a lot of raw materials and 300
million people to buy British goods
It was soon called “jewel in the crown”
British Empire
India was just one territory under Britain
ruled by Queen Victoria
Their empire was so large that people said
“the sun never sets on the Empire”
Southeast Asia
Dutch took control of Indonesia
France took control of Southeast Asia
China
China would not trade with Europeans
The Europeans illegally started selling opium to
the Chinese. Then trade flourished.
China
The Chinese government told Europe no
more opium and Europe said no = Opium
War
Europe had modern weapons and opened
up China to trade
China
Hong Xiuquan led the
Taiping Rebellion
against China.
It took ten years to
put the rebellion
down.
China
Another rebellion
happened in China,
this time against
foreigners
Boxer rebellion
attacked foreigners in
China until it was put
down by the
Europeans
China
Because of that war, Europe was able to
carve out spheres of influence from China
Spheres of influence are areas where a
foreign nation controls trade and $
Japan
Japan did not want to trade
either
US under Matthew Perry with
our modern navy opened the
ports of Japan to foreigners
for trade
Japan
The shogunate who allowed the US in was
overthrown
The emperor took over and modernized
Japan.
This reign was called the Meji Restoration
Japan’s Imperialism
In 20 years, Japan
attacked China and
took over Korea.
Japan also invaded
Manchuria where
Russia was and Russia
went to war against
Japan = RussoJapanese War
Japan
Japan amazingly won and became a new
world power