Transcript Warm Up
Warm Up 1. What is a cell? 2. What are some structures that are found within a cell? 3. What are the four primary elements that make up cells? Cells Chapter 3 Pg. 55 Cell Anatomy Cells have three main regions 1. 2. 3. Nucleus Cytoplasm Plasma membrane Nucleus Control center of the cell that contains DNA Nuclear envelope- membrane or barrier that contains pores which allow passage of materials Nucleoli is the site of ribosome assembly Chromatin contains the DNA and is found between the nucleolus and the nuclear envelope Cytoplasm Consists of three parts Organelles Carry out specific functions Cytosol Fluid that suspends the organelles and inclusions Inclusions Nonfunctioning units like stored nutrients or waste Organelles 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Mitochondria Ribosomes ER (endoplasmic reticulum) Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Peroxisomes Cytoskeleton Centrioles Plasma Membrane The cell barrier that is responsible for maintaining boundaries Made up of: Double layer of phospholipids Cholesterol Sugars Proteins Junctions Junctions exists to connect cells together Three types: 1. 2. 3. Tight junctions- leak proof sheets Desmosomes- act as anchors Gap junctions- allows communication with other cells Cell Types Cell shapes 1. 2. 3. 4. Disk Threadlike Toothpick Cube like Cell types 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Connect body part Move organs Store nutrients Cells that fight disease Gather information Reproduction Warm Up 1. What are some functions cells perform? 2. How do cells maintain boundaries? 3. What are the three main areas of a human cell? Cell Physiology Chapter 3 Pg. 66 Key Terms Diffusion Filtration Solute pumping Exocytosis Endocytosis Warm Up 1. What are the 3 main regions of a human cell? 2. How does the human body maintain homeostasis? 3. What are the 4 biomolecules? 4. List the levels of structural organization from simplest to most complex. How many have we discussed so far? Cell Physiology 1. Membrane transport 2. Cell division 3. Protein synthesis Membrane transport The plasma membrane of a cell is selectively permeable This means it allow some materials to pass while keeping others out This is how cells get rid of waste and receive nutrients and other needed materials Passive Transport The cell does not need to use its ATP (energy) to move materials Active Transport The cell will have to use its ATP to move materials through the plasma membrane. Membrane Transport In your groups research each type of transport Take notes on each Be ready to report your results to the class Tell how material move through the membrane Cell Division The life cycle of a cell has two major periods: Mitosis- the division of the nucleus; DNA replicates then Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis- the division of the cytoplasm Protein Synthesis This is how cells make protein DNA provides the code necessary to build proteins RNA receives the codes from the DNA and carries it to the ribosomes where the protein is made Why is protein synthesis important? 1. Proteins are used to build cells 2. Proteins perform functions for the body like; starting chemical reactions, growth