Transcript Structures and Organelles

Structures and
Organelles
7.3
Cytoplasm and
Cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm-semifluid material
prokaryotes- Chemical process occur
eukaryotes- Where organelles are found
Cytoskeleton- Support “net” for organelles
microtubules and microfilaments
The Nucleus
The “manager”
Contains most of cell’s DNA
Stores info used to make proteins for cell growth, function, and
reproduction
Surrounded by the Nuclear Envelope
similar to plasma membrane
nuclear pores allow substances to move in and out
nucleolus- Site of ribosome production
Ribosomes
Help produce proteins
Made of RNA and protein
Can be bound in the Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum
(ER)
Membrane system of folded sacs and channels
Site for protein and lipid synthesis
Rough ER- where ribosomes attach
Smooth ER- where lipids are synthesized
Golgi Apparatus
The “shipping center”
Flattened stack of membranes
packs proteins into vesicles to bre released from the
cell
Vacuoles
the “storage facility”
stores food, waste, or enzymes
Always in Plant Cells
Not Always in Animal cells
Lysosomes
The “custodians”
digest excess organelles and/or food particles
also digest bacteria and viruses
only in animal cells
Centrioles
Groups of microtubules
function during cell division
not found in plant cells
Mitochondria
The “power supply” or “powerhouse”
converts sugar into usable energy
highly folded, for increased surface area
Chloroplasts
“solar panels”
capture light energy and converts to chemical energy
(photosynthesis)
Filled with Chlorophyll
Found in Plants
Cell Wall
Thick, rigid, mesh of fibers that surrounds the plasma
membrane
Protects cell and gives support
Made of cellulose
Found in plants
Cilia and Flagella
Project off of the plasma membrane
Small whiplike structure that aids in locomotion
In some animal cells