Transcript Looking Inside Cells

Cell Structure & Function
Looking Inside Cells
Chapter 1
Section 2
Organelles
• Tiny cell structures that make up a cell
Cell Wall
• Rigid layer of nonliving material that
surrounds the cells of plants
– Protects the cell
– Supports the cell
Cell Membrane
• Controls what substances come into and
out of the cell
Nucleus
• The cell’s control center, directing all of the
cell’s activities
Cytoplasm
• Gel-like fluid that supports the organelles
inside the cell
Mitochondria
• Produce most of the energy for the cell
– “Powerhouse”
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
• Transports protein throughout the cell
Ribosomes
• Produce the cell’s proteins
– Located on the “Rough” ER
Golgi Bodies
• Modify proteins
• Continue to transport proteins
Chloroplasts
• In Plants
– Organelle that capture energy from sunlight
and use it to produce food for the cell
Vacuoles
• Storage areas for the cell
– Water
– Waste
– Nutrients
Lysosomes
• Use strong chemicals to digest things
like…
– Food particles
– Old/Dead organelle
– Foreign invaders
Bacteria
• Single celled organisms
– Has…
• Cell wall
• Cell Membrane
– Does not have…
• A real nucleus
Specialized Cells
• Each type of cell is specialized
– Skin
– Bones
– Muscles
– Blood
– Brain
– Liver
– Stomach