Transcript Document

So far we have talked about
tenses of verbs…. Verbs also
have MOODS…..
facts
commands
the indicative mood
the imperative mood
the subjunctive mood
not
facts
• Present subjunctive
– Stem + e + ending (1st conjugation)
– Stem + a + ending (2nd-4th conjugation)
• Imperfect Subjunctive
– Infinitive + ending
What are these??
dormiret
portem
videam
traheremus
sederes
vocarent
scribam
ament
curreret
dicam
What is a purpose clause?
How do we spot one in English?
How is a purpose clause
formed in Latin?
• A purpose clause describes why someone
did something, or the purpose for which
they did it
• Purpose clause = ut + subjunctive
E.g. Cicero processit ut diceret
Cicero advanced in order that he might speak
Can you think of a more natural way of
translating this sentence?
Cicero processit ut diceret
Literal translation: Cicero advanced in order
that he might speak
Alternative translations:
Cicero advanced……
….so that he might speak
….in order to speak
….so as to speak
.…to speak
Sequence of tenses
We are hurrying (present tense verb) so that we
may help (present subjunctive) you
We hurried (past tense verb) so that we might
help (imperfect subjunctive) you.
1. pueri in via manebant ut pugnam
spectarent.
2. Romam eo ut fratrem videam.
3. servus diu laboravit ut dominum servaret.
4. femina totum diem laborat ut puellae
cibum habeant.
ne…….
• ‘ne’ is used as the negative of ‘ut’ in
purpose clauses
festinamus ne sero adveniamus
we are hurry so that we may not arrive late
we are hurrying so as not to arrive late
we are hurrying lest we arrive late
1. servus diligenter laboravit ut templum
aedificaret.
2. pueri Romam veniunt ut libros emant.
3. in villa manebam ut puellae cenam
optimam pararent.
4. femina festinat ne sero adveniat.
5. tacebam ne fur me audiret.