Transcript Types of Participles

Types of Participles
Tense
Perfect
Active
Passive
xxx
actus, acta,
actum
verbs like locutus are
active only in meaning
Present
Future
agens,
agentis
xxx
agendus, agenda,
agendum
Translations of Participles
Tense
Active
Passive
Perfect
xxxx
having verbed
having been verbed
verbing
xxxxx
Present
Future
going to be
verbed
Types of Subjunctives
1. Circumstantial Cum-clauses
Signal: cum + subjunctive
2. Indirect Questions
Signal : question word + subjunctive
3. Ut Purpose Clauses
Signal : ut + imperfect subjunctive
4. Indirect Commands
Signal : verb of ordering, requesting,
etc. + ut + subjunctive
5. Ut Result Clauses
Signal : tam, tantus, adeo, tot, etc. +
ut + imperfect subjunctive
Expressions of Time in Latin
Accusative of Time How Long:
tres continuos dies
for three continuous days
Ablative of time When:
quarto die
on the 4th day
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Prepositions that take Ablative
Objects
a / ab (from, away from)
cum (with, together with)
de (down from, about)
e / ex (out of)
in (in, on)
pro (in front of, on behalf of)
sine (without)
sub (under)
1. cum amico ambulavit.
He walked with a friend.
ABLATIVE OF
ACCOMPANIMENT (with CUM)
2. Ad urbem equo adiit.
He went to the city with/by means of a
horse.
ABLATIVE OF
MEANS / INSTRUMENT
(w/o CUM)
What’s the Difference?
1. vulneratus ab hostibus
wounded by the enemies
ABL OF AGENT (w/ AB)
2. vulneratus gladio.
wounded by/with a sword
ABL OF MEANS OR
INSTRUMENT
(w/o AB OR CUM)
Ablative of Means/Instrument
1. stilo scribo.
I am writing with a pen.
2. pilo vulneratus, miles se tradidit.
Wounded by a javelin, the soldier
surrendered.
3. gladio gladiatorem vici.
I defeated the gladiator with a sword.
4. Romam viā Appiā ambulavi.
I walked to Rome by means of the Via
Appia.