Transcript The Struggle for Power in England & France

The Struggle for
Power in England &
France
C13, S4 pp. 304 - 309
Objectives
 Explain how the kingdom of England was
formed
 Identify the achievement of William the
Conqueror & his successors
 Describe how Parliament & common law
affected political development in England
 Explore how the French kings gained
power over their nobles
Anglo-Saxon & Norman
England
 450 A.D. -Anglo-Saxon England – named
for 2 Germanic tribes
 Divided into shires- governmental districts
 William the Conqueror- Took over
England at battle of Hastings 1066 A.D.
 Doomsday book- list of
everyone’s name for taxes
Letter to the Editor
 As we read the section on the Norman
Conquest (305-306) and the handout,
from the perspective of a commoner think
about how you would evaluate the
changes that William made to England
Henry II
 1154-1189
 Court system
 Trial by Jury
 no more boiling your hand
 Clergy could be sentenced
 Thomas Beckett- Archbishop killed for
challenging Henry
 Eleanor Aquitaine- French wife
 Read description of Eleanor on page 306
King John & Magna Carta
 King tried to make nobles pay taxes but,
they refused
 Forced to sign Magna Carta-1215 A.D.
protected liberties of nobles & outlined
rights for ordinary people
Magna Carta
 We will read the section King John and
the Magna Carta page 306-307 (Blue box
on 307 also)
 What are the similarities between it and
the Bill of Rights?
Parliament & Common
Law
 Parliament –
 nobles & clergy made up House of
Lords
 Knights & burgesses made up House
of Commons
 Common Law
 collection of decisions that were
applied equally & in common
Rise of the Capetian Kings
in France
 The growth of royal territory
 Phillip II Augustus- 1180 A.D.- increased
royal lands
 Strengthening the central government
 Phillip IV (the fair)- 1285 A.D.- began taxing
clergy
 Estates general- commoners, nobles and
clergy
Look at the map on 308
Create your own map
 Using the description of shifting power in
England from 400’s-1100’s you need to
create a series of maps showing the
progression. You need to include the
major shifts in boundaries with the AngloSaxons, the Danes, and the Normans.
The Clash over
Germany & Italy
C13, S5 pp. 310 - 313
Objectives
 Describe how the Holy Roman emperors
used their power
 Explain how the struggle between the
popes & emperors developed
The Holy Roman Empire

The struggle between church and state was
bitter in the Holy Roman Empire. Ultimately
the conflict weakened both…
Holy Roman Empire

Otto I “Otto the Great” helped the pope with
Roman nobles and was crowned “Emperor of the
Romans”


Empire eventually weakened, but established a close
and lasting tie between Germany & Italy
Henry III – viewed the church as a branch of the
imperial government


Expected the church to support the empire and its ruler
Struggles between the
Papacy & European Rulers

VS
Henry IV vs. Pope
Gregory VII- issue of
lay investiture
(appointment of
bishops by temporal
rulers)


Henry IV was
excommunicated, but
sought mercy from
the pope –revoked
Concordat of
Worms – agreement
that settled lay
investiture dilemma
King vs. the Pope
 We will read the section on the Struggles
between the Papacy and European
Rulers on 311
 What does this show you about the
relationship between the pope and the
kings of the Holy Roman Empire
Struggles between the
Papacy & European Rulers
(cont)
 Frederick Barbarossa – ruled Germany
and attempted to gain control of Italy
 Was defeated by the Lombard League in 1176
Struggles between the
Papacy & European Rulers
(cont)
 Innocent III –
strongest of medieval
popes who increased
the church’s worldly
power
 Felt that emperors and
kings were servants to
the church
 Freely used
excommunication and
interdiction
 Greatly increased
papal authority and
prestige
Chapter review
 Understanding Main Ideas #1-12