Transcript ALCOHOL
Please take a few minutes to answer the
9 questions on the Pre-Test to asses your
knowledge – It will NOT be graded!
Underage drinking is a factor in nearly half of all teen automobile
crashes, the leading cause of death among teenagers.
Alcohol use contributes to youth suicides, homicides and fatal
injuries – the leading cause of death among youth after auto crashes.
Alcohol abuse is linked to as many as two-thirds of all sexual
assaults and date rapes of teens and college students.
Alcohol is a major factor in unprotected sex among youth,
increasing their risk of contracting HIV or other transmitted diseases.
ALCOHOL & TEENS: THE FACTS
• Alcohol is a Drug…It’s a Depressant. A depressant
slows down the activity of the central nervous system
and the messages going between the brain and the
body. Depressant drugs do not necessarily make a
person feel depressed.
Alcohol is made by fermentation- the process in which
yeast, sugar, and water are combined to produce alcohol
and carbon dioxide.
•
In low doses:
A relaxing effect
Reduces tension
Lowers inhibitions
Impairs concentration
Impairs judgment**
Slows reflexes
Impairs reaction time
Reduces coordination
In medium doses:
Slur speech
Cause drowsiness
Alter emotions
In high doses:
Vomiting
Breathing difficulties
Unconsciousness
Coma
Death
BEER
Made by fermenting barley, corn, or rye
Most beers are about 4% alcohol
“Malt Liquor” is a type of beer with higher % alcohol, usually 5% or more
WINE
Made by fermenting grapes or other fruits
Most wines are 12-14% alcohol
LIQUOR
Made by distillation (A process that uses a fermented mixture to obtain an
alcoholic beverage with a high alcohol content)
Whiskey, Bourbon, Rum, Gin, Vodka, Tequila, Brandy – Common Types
Most liquor is 40% alcohol
A measure of the amount of alcohol is called the “proof”
The proof of a beverage is double the % of alcohol in the beverage
Example: 20% alcohol is 40 proof
1.
Mouth: alcohol enters the body. Burns the lining &
numbs the tong
2.
Stomach: about 20% of alcohol absorbs into the
bloodstream in the stomach, but most goes on to the
small intestine.
3.
Small Intestine: alcohol enters the bloodstream
through the walls of the small intestine.
4.
Heart: pumps alcohol throughout the body.
5.
Brain: alcohol reaches the brain
6.
Liver: alcohol is oxidized by the liver at a rate of
about 0.5 oz per hour
Oxidation is when alcohol is converted into water
and carbon dioxide by the liver- this occurs at
approximately 1 drink per hour
Remaining alcohol is excreted through urine,
perspiration, or breath
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) is the amount of
alcohol in a person’s blood
BAC is given as a percentage, the higher the % BAC the
greater the effects of alcohol on the body
Virginia DUI Laws:
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Limits
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BAC Limit 0.08%
Zero Tolerance (Underage) BAC Limit 0.02%
Enhanced Penalty (Aggravated) BAC Limit 0.15%
Minimum License Suspension or Revocation
▪ (1st, 2nd, 3rd offense) 1 year / 3 years / permanent
Amount of alcohol you drink
Speed at which alcohol is
consumed
Body Weight
Percentage of body fat
Gender
Amount of food eaten
Presence of other drugs in the
blood-stream
Age
Drinking carbonated alcoholic
beverages
Tolerance
Brain:
Interferes with the brain’s communication pathways, and can
affect the way the brain looks and works. These disruptions can
change mood and behavior, and make it harder to think clearly
and move with coordination.
Heart:
Drinking a lot over a long time or too much on a single occasion
can damage the heart, causing problems including:
Cardiomyopathy – Stretching and drooping of heart muscle
Arrhythmias – Irregular heart beat
Stroke
High blood pressure
Research also shows that drinking moderate amounts of alcohol
may protect healthy adults from developing coronary heart
disease.
Liver:
Heavy drinking takes a toll on the liver, and can lead to a variety
of problems and liver inflammations including:
Steatosis, or fatty liver
Cirrhosis, scaring of the liver
Pancreas:
Causes the pancreas to produce toxic substances that can
eventually lead to pancreatitis, a dangerous inflammation and
swelling of the blood vessels in the pancreas that prevents
proper digestion.
Cancer:
Can increase your risk of developing certain cancers, including
cancers of the: Mouth, Esophagus, Throat, Liver, Breast
Immune System:
Drinking too much can weaken your immune system, making
your body a much easier target for disease.
GET THE FACTS
Tobacco
use is the
leading preventable cause
of disease, disability, and
death in the United States.
According
to the CDC,
cigarette smoking results in
more than 443,000
premature deaths in the US
each year—about 1 in
every 5 U.S. deaths
8.6
million people suffer
with a serious illness
caused by smoking.
Tobacco
smoke contains
over 4000 chemicals; many
are known carcinogens
(cancer causing chemicals)
TOBACCO
Tobacco is a green plant which
produces large, wide leaves.
Tobacco is grown in warm
climates all over the world.
In the United States most tobacco
is grown in Virginia, Kentucky and
central Tennessee
Tobacco products include:
cigarettes, cigars, chewing
tobacco, pipe tobacco, and snuff
NICOTINE
Extremely addictive drug found in tobacco
Nicotine is classified as a Stimulant
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Speeds up the nervous system
Dulls taste buds
Constricts (narrows) blood vessels
Increases blood pressure
Increases heart rate
Like with any addictive drug one can become
dependant and suffer withdrawal syndrome.
TAR
A thick dark liquid that forms
when tobacco burns
Covers the lungs and airways
Damages the mouth by rotting
and blackening teeth,
damaging gums, and
desensitizing taste buds
Contains carcinogens-cancer
causing chemicals
CARBON MONOXIDE
A poisonous gas produced when
tobacco burns
Decreases the amount of oxygen
in the blood
Found in car exhaust
Interferes with you respiratory
(breathing)and circulatory
(heart/blood flow) systems.
Chemicals in Cigarettes
Cancer is irregular cell growth.
Lung cancer can be caused by smoking
Lung cancer is VERY fatal!
Other types of cancer cause by tobacco use
include:
Mouth
Lip
Throat
Gum
Cheek
Cardiovascular disease is a group of diseases that involve
the heart or blood vessels (arteries, capillaries and veins).
Heart Disease is the #1 killer in the U.S.
What's the link between smoking and cardiovascular
disease?
Smoking is a major cause of atherosclerosis — a buildup of fatty
substances in the arteries. Atherosclerosis occurs when the normal
lining of the arteries deteriorates, the walls of the arteries thicken
and deposits of fat and plaque block the flow of blood through the
arteries.
What’s the link between smoking and heart attack?
A person’s risk of heart attack greatly increases with the number of
cigarettes he or she smokes. Smokers continue to increase their risk
of heart attack the longer they smoke. People who smoke a pack of
cigarettes a day have more than twice the risk of heart attack than
nonsmokers.
Causes constant gasping for air.
Air sacs in the lungs can not stretch to
get enough air…WHEEZING!
For women who smoke during
pregnancy = Premature birth, low birth
weight, stillbirth, and infant death
Secondhand Smoke:
Severe asthma
Respiratory infections
Ear infections
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
Bad breath
Smelly hair & clothing
Yellow/Brownish stained teeth
Yellow/Brownish stained fingers
Premature aging/wrinkles
Reduced sense of smell
Taste buds are deadened
More Colds
More Sinus Infections
Higher risk of fires
Expensive
Socially Unacceptable