Tobacco and Alcohol tobacco_and_alcoholx
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Transcript Tobacco and Alcohol tobacco_and_alcoholx
Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in
the USA
Smoking causes more ill health than any other single
behavior or combination of behaviors
Teens
Look mature
Be like their friends
Experiment
Adults
Stress & pressure
Control their weight (7 pounds less then non-
smokers)
Made from dried tobacco leaves, as
well as ingredients added for flavor
and other reasons
Chemicals, chemicals chemicals
60 chemicals known to cause cancer
(carcinogens).
Nicotine
The predominant psychoactive drug
present
The addictive agent in tobacco
• Tobacco use is psychological
and physical dependence on
nicotine
Must keep a continuous amount in the
blood and going to the brain
If that amount falls below a certain level,
they experience withdrawal symptoms
Made up of several hundred
different chemicals
Just some chemicals in tobacco
smoke:
Benzene (found in gasoline)
Butane( used in lighter fluid)
Ammonia (used in household
cleaners)
Toluene (found in paint thinners)
Cadmium (used in making
batteries)
Hydrogen cyanide (used in making
chemical weapons)
Tar
Carbon monoxide
Heart disease and stroke
Coronary heart disease (2-4
x’s more likely)
Doubles risk of stroke
Reduces circulation by
narrowing the blood vessels
Increase risk of cancer
23 times more likely to
develop lung cancer then a
person who doesn’t smoke
Cancer of the lip, oral cavity,
pharynx, esophagus,
pancreas, larynx (voice box),
uterine cervix, urinary
bladder, and kidney
Affects skin
smokers have paler skin and more
wrinkles. This is because smoking
reduces the blood supply
• Stains teeth and gums
Chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease
conditions that block airflow and
make breathing more difficult
Examples: emphysema, chronic
bronchitis
• Breathing in smoke that comes from burning
tobacco
Two different types of secondhand smoke
Sidestream smoke – the smoke that comes from the
end of a lighted cigarette, pipe, or cigar
Mainstream smoke- the smoke that is exhaled by a
smoker
Exposure to second hand smoke increase their heart
disease risk by 25-30%
Lung cancer risk by 20-30%
Increase chances of heart attacks
Tobacco that isn’t smoked
Two types of smokeless tobacco
chewing tobacco
snuff
Cancer
Cancer of the oral cavity
Oral health
Leukoplakia- precancerous lesion of the soft tissue in
the mouth that consists of a white patch or plaque that
cannot be scraped
Recession of gums, gum disease, and tooth decay
• Reproductive
Reduce sperm count and abnormal sperm cells
Causes health problems for both mothers and babies,
such as:
Pregnancy complications
Premature birth
Low-birth-weight infants
Stillbirth
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
Curiosity
To feel good, reduce stress, and relax
To fit in
To feel older
Yes, it is a drug.
It’s a depressant
central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
Ethyl alcohol is the psychoactive ingredient present in
alcoholic drinks
Grains, fruits, or vegetables
Beer
Wine
Liquor
Absorbed by the stomach, enters the bloodstream and
goes to all the tissues
Blood alcohol content (BAC)
Percentage of alcohol in the blood
For instance, a BAC of 0.10 means that 0.10% (one tenth
of one percent) of a person's blood, by volume, is
alcohol.
Binge drinking
For women, 4 or more drinks during a single occasion.
For men, 5 or more drinks during a single occasion.
Heavy drinking
For women, more than 1 drink per day on average.
For men, more than 2 drinks per day on average
Person's size
Weight
Age
Sex
Amount of food consumed
Depressant
Slows function of central nervous system
• Alters a persons perceptions, emotions, movement, vision,
and hearing
• Feel more relaxed or less anxious
• Low doses of alcohol
Impairs judgment
Impairs coordination
High doses of alcohol
Dizziness
Talkativeness
Slurred speech
Disturbed sleep
Nausea
Vomiting
Hangovers
Headache, nausea, thirst,
dizziness, fatigue
High Doses of alcohol
Decreased heart rate
Slower respiration
Loss of taste and smell
Inability to feel pain
Short-attention span
Memory problems
Sexual dysfunction (loss of sensation, temporary
impotence)
Vision problems (light sensitivity, color impairment,
blurred vision)
Unintentional injuries, including traffic injuries, falls,
drownings, burns, and unintentional firearm injuries.
Risky sexual behaviors, including unprotected sex, sex
with multiple partners, and increased risk of sexual
assault. These behaviors can result in unintended
pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases.
Alcohol poisoning
The body has become poisoned by large amounts
of alcohol
Symptoms of alcohol poisoning:
Violent vomiting
Extreme sleepiness
Unconsciousness
Difficulty breathing
Seizures
• May lead to death, call for help
Liver disease
Cirrhosis- slowly deteriorates; scar
tissue replaces regular tissue blocking
partially blocking the blood through
the liver
Alcoholic hepatitis- inflammation of
the liver
Heart disease
Cancer
Mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, colon,
and breast
Pancreatitis
Neurological problems
Dementia
Stroke
Alcoholism- physical addiction to alcohol and
continues to drink, despite problems with physical
health, mental health, and social, family, or job
responsibilities. Alcohol may control your life and
relationships
Alcohol abuse- drinking leads to problems, but not
physical addiction
Mild to moderate symptoms
swift changes in emotions
from high to low
nausea
difficulty sleeping including
insomnia
rapid or increased heart rate
cold or clammy skin
change in eyes or pupils
(enlarged or dilated)
excitability
irritability
vomiting
movements out of the
ordinary
nervousness
depression
hand tremors
pulsating headaches
lack of focus and the inability
to think straight
fatigue
anxiety
pale skin
twitchy eyes
nightmares.
excessive irritability
blackouts
extreme anxiety
convulsions
increased depression
muscle tremors
visual hallucinations
more extreme changes in
fever
emotions and mood
swings
seizures
difficulty in thinking
clearly is increased
severe autonomic
nervous system overactivity
Almost 80% of high school students have tried alcohol
79,000 deaths attributable to excessive alcohol use each
year in the United States
In the single year 2005, there were more than 1.6 million
hospitalizations3 and more than 4 million emergency room
visits4 for alcohol-related conditions.
In 2009, 10,839 people were killed in alcohol-impaired
driving crashes, accounting for nearly one-third (32%) of
all traffic-related deaths in the United States
Of the 181 child passengers ages 14 and younger who died in
alcohol-impaired driving crashes in 2009, about half (92)
were riding in the vehicle with the with the alcoholimpaired driver
Prior to any drinking, designate a non-drinking driver
when with a group.
Don’t let your friends drive impaired. Take their keys
away.
If you have been drinking, get a ride home or call a
taxi.
If you’re hosting a party where alcohol will be served,
remind your guests to plan ahead and designate their
sober driver; offer alcohol-free beverages; and make
sure all guests leave with a sober driver.