Transcript ALCOHOL

Underage drinking is a factor in nearly half of all teen automobile
crashes, the leading cause of death among teenagers.
Alcohol use contributes to youth suicides, homicides and fatal
injuries – the leading cause of death among youth after auto crashes.
Alcohol abuse is linked to as many as two-thirds of all sexual
assaults and date rapes of teens and college students.
Alcohol is a major factor in unprotected sex among youth,
increasing their risk of contracting HIV or other transmitted diseases.
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Alcohol is a Drug…It’s a Depressant.
A depressant slows down the
activity of the central nervous system and the messages
going between the brain and the body. Depressant drugs do
not necessarily make a person feel depressed.
1.
Mouth: alcohol enters the body. Burns the lining &
numbs the tong
2.
Stomach: about 20% of alcohol absorbs into the
bloodstream in the stomach, but most goes on to the
small intestine.
3.
Small Intestine: alcohol enters the bloodstream
through the walls of the small intestine.
4.
Heart: pumps alcohol throughout the body.
5.
Brain: alcohol reaches the brain
6.
Liver: alcohol is oxidized by the liver at a rate of
about 0.5 oz per hour
 Oxidation is when alcohol is converted into water
and carbon dioxide by the liver- this occurs at
approximately 1 drink per hour
 Remaining alcohol is excreted through urine,
perspiration, or breath
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In low doses:
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A relaxing effect
Reduces tension
Lowers inhibitions
Impairs concentration
Impairs judgment**
Slows reflexes
Impairs reaction time
Reduces coordination
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In medium doses:
 Slur speech
 Cause drowsiness
 Alter emotions
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In high doses:
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Vomiting
Breathing difficulties
Unconsciousness
Coma
Death
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BEER
 Made by fermenting barley, corn, or rye
 Most beers are about 4% alcohol
 “Malt Liquor” is a type of beer with higher % alcohol, usually 5% or more
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WINE
 Made by fermenting grapes or other fruits
 Most wines are 12-14% alcohol
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LIQUOR
 Made by distillation (A process that uses a fermented mixture to obtain an
alcoholic beverage with a high alcohol content)
 Whiskey, Bourbon, Rum, Gin, Vodka, Tequila, Brandy – Common Types
 Most liquor is 40% alcohol
 A measure of the amount of alcohol is called the “proof”
 The proof of a beverage is double the % of alcohol in the beverage
 Example: 20% alcohol is 40 proof
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Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) is the amount of
alcohol in a person’s blood
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BAC is given as a percentage, the higher the % BAC the
greater the effects of alcohol on the body
 Virginia DUI Laws:
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Limits
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BAC Limit 0.08%
Zero Tolerance (Underage) BAC Limit 0.02%
Enhanced Penalty (Aggravated) BAC Limit 0.15%
Minimum License Suspension or Revocation
▪ (1st, 2nd, 3rd offense) 1 year / 3 years / permanent
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Amount of alcohol you drink
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Speed at which alcohol is consumed
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Body Weight
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Percentage of body fat
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Gender
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Amount of food eaten
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Drugs
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Age
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Tolerance
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Liver:
Heavy drinking takes a toll on the liver, and can lead to a variety
of problems and liver inflammations including:
 Steatosis, or fatty liver
 Cirrhosis, scaring of the liver
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Pancreas:
Causes the pancreas to produce toxic substances that can
eventually lead to pancreatitis, a dangerous inflammation and
swelling of the blood vessels in the pancreas that prevents
proper digestion.
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Cancer:
Can increase your risk of developing certain cancers, including
cancers of the: Mouth, Esophagus, Throat, Liver, Breast
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Immune System:
Drinking too much can weaken your immune system, making
your body a much easier target for disease.
GET THE FACTS
Tobacco
use is the
leading preventable cause
of disease, disability, and
death in the United States.
 According
to the CDC,
cigarette smoking results in
more than 443,000
premature deaths in the US
each year—about 1 in
every 5 U.S. deaths
8.6
million people suffer
with a serious illness
caused by smoking.
Tobacco
smoke contains
over 4000 chemicals; many
are known carcinogens
(cancer causing chemicals)
TOBACCO
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Tobacco is a green plant which
produces large, wide leaves.
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Tobacco is grown in warm
climates all over the world.
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In the United States most tobacco
is grown in Virginia, Kentucky and
central Tennessee
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Tobacco products include:
cigarettes, cigars, chewing
tobacco, pipe tobacco, and snuff
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NICOTINE
 Extremely addictive drug found in tobacco
 Nicotine is classified as a Stimulant
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Speeds up the nervous system
Dulls taste buds
Constricts (narrows) blood vessels
Increases blood pressure
Increases heart rate
 Like with any addictive drug one can become
dependant and suffer withdrawal syndrome.
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TAR
 A thick dark liquid that forms
when tobacco burns
 Covers the lungs and airways
 Damages the mouth by rotting
and blackening teeth,
damaging gums, and
desensitizing taste buds
 Contains carcinogens-cancer
causing chemicals
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CARBON MONOXIDE
 A poisonous gas produced when
tobacco burns
 Decreases the amount of oxygen
in the blood
 Found in car exhaust
 Interferes with you respiratory
(breathing)and circulatory
(heart/blood flow) systems.
Chemicals in Cigarettes
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Bad breath
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Mouth Cancer
White or grayish patches that can't be
wiped away and , red lesions
(erythroplakia), which are more likely to
show precancerous changes
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Cancer is irregular cell growth.
Lung cancer can be caused by smoking
Lung cancer is VERY fatal!
Other types of cancer cause by tobacco use
include:
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Mouth
Lip
Throat
Gum
Cheek
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Cardiovascular disease is a group of diseases that involve
the heart or blood vessels (arteries, capillaries and veins).
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Heart Disease is the #1 killer in the U.S.
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What's the link between smoking and cardiovascular
disease?
 Smoking is a major cause of atherosclerosis — a buildup of fatty
substances in the arteries. Atherosclerosis occurs when the normal
lining of the arteries deteriorates, the walls of the arteries thicken
and deposits of fat and plaque block the flow of blood through the
arteries.
 What’s the link between smoking and heart attack?
 A person’s risk of heart attack greatly increases with the number of
cigarettes he or she smokes. Smokers continue to increase their risk
of heart attack the longer they smoke. People who smoke a pack of
cigarettes a day have more than twice the risk of heart attack than
nonsmokers.
Causes constant gasping for air.
 Air sacs in the lungs can not stretch to
get enough air…WHEEZING!
 For women who smoke during
pregnancy = Premature birth, low birth
weight, stillbirth, and infant death
 Secondhand Smoke:
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 Severe asthma
 Respiratory infections
 Ear infections
 Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
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Bad breath
Smelly hair & clothing
Yellow/Brownish stained teeth
Yellow/Brownish stained fingers
Premature aging/wrinkles
Reduced sense of smell
Taste buds are deadened
More Colds
More Sinus Infections
Higher risk of fires
Expensive
Socially Unacceptable