Transcript 18. The tradition of Ukrainian landscape art

Ukrainian culture as spiritual
phenomena.
Pope
Patriarch
Archdiocese/Archbishop
Bishop/Diocese
Priest/Parish
Gregory I
Feudalism: Military
Service for Land
Alfred the Great Unified
The Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy
William I, the Conqueror
Brought Norman
Feudalism To England
John Was
Forced
To Sign the
Magna
Carta in 1215
Edward I Called a Parliament
Of Lords and Commons
Philip IV Called the EstatesGeneral to Raise Taxes
East & Central Europe
• Slavic people divided into 3 groups: western,
eastern, & southern Slavs
• Western Slavs formed the Polish & Bohemian
kingdoms
• Poles, Czechs, Hungarians were all converted to
Christianity by German Monks
• Eastern Slavic people were converted to Orthodox
Christianity by two Byzantine missionary brothers;
Cyril & Methodius
• Croats, Serbs, & Bulgarians were converted to
Eastern Orthodoxy
St. Cyril and St. Methodius
Russia
• Eastern Slavic people settled in present day Ukraine
& Russia
• 8th century, Swedish Vikings began to move in
search of plunder & trade routes
• Vikings eventually dominated the native people
• Vikings named it Rus = where word Russia is
derived
Kievan Rus
• Oleg, Viking leader, settled in Kiev at the beginning
of 10th century & created principality of Kiev
• Oleg successors expanded Kiev until it reached
territory between Baltic & Black Seas, & Danube &
Volga rivers
• Vikings married Slavic wives & gradually
assimilated into the Slavic population
• Rus leader, Vladimir, married sister of Byzantine
Emperor & officially accepted the Eastern Orthodox
Church for all the people in 988
• Kievan Rus prospered up until invasions brought an
end to the 1st Russian state in 1169
Vladimir I Chose
Eastern Orthodoxy
Mongol Rule in Russia
• 13th century, Mongols conquered Russia & forced
Russian princes to pay tribute to them
• Alexander Nevsky, prince of Novgorood, defeated a
German army in northwest Russia in 1242
• Khan, leader of Mongolia, rewarded Nevsky title of
grand prince
• Nevsky descendants became princes of Moscow &
eventual leaders of Russia
Alexander
Nevsky, Prince
Of Novgorod
Constantinople
Emperor Justinian
Byzantine Art: Mosaics
and Illuminated Manuscripts
Hagia Sophia
Crusades
• 11th & 13th centuries, European Christians carried
out a series of military expeditions to take back the
holy land from the Muslims
• Seljuk Turks won the battle of Manzikert &
threatened Constantinople
• Crusades began when Pope Urban II responded to
the request of Alexius I to liberate Jerusalem &
Palestine
• Urban II called for crusades @ infidels
• Infidels were the non believers = Muslims, Jews
Alexius I Asked
For Help and
Urban II Called
For the
First Crusade
Louis VII and Conrad III Respond
To Bernard of Clairvaux’s Call
For a Second Crusade