Transcript Questions Reviewed in Class

Questions Reviewed in Class
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
• Why didn’t Wilson support all of the war
aims of Britain and France?
Answer
They were fiercely anti-German and made
a number of secret agreements about
breaking off parts of Germany and the
territories of other enemies?
What was Wilson’s idea of SelfDetermination?
Answer
• Ethnic and national groups should be able
to decide their own future for themselveswhether to remain part of an existing
country, annexed by another country, or
set their own independent government.
What were his 14 points designed
to do?
Answer
• To Present a way to end the war and win
maximum support
This is the fourteen points in a
summary
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There should be no secret alliances between countries
Freedom of the seas in peace and war
The reduction of trade barriers among nations
The general reduction of armaments
The adjustment of colonial claims in the interest of the inhabitants as well as of the colonial
powers
The evacuation of Russian territory and a welcome for its government to the society of nations
The restoration of Belgian territories in Germany
The evacuation of all French territory, including Alsace-Lorraine
The readjustment of Italian boundaries along clearly recognizable lines of nationality
Independence for various national groups in Austria-Hungary
The restoration of the Balkan nations and free access to the sea for Serbia
Protection for minorities in Turkey and the free passage of the ships of all nations through the
Dardanelles
Independence for Poland, including access to the sea
A league of nations to protect "mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial
integrity to great and small nations alike."
What was the name of the treaty
that ended WWI?
Answer
• The Treat of Versailles
• What do these acronyms represent? BCE
and CE
• The Vikings, or Norse, were a phenomenal
race of ___________ warriors who raided
Northern Europe, Eastern Asia, and
Eastern North America.
Vikings settle in Iceland in 860 and later
colonized _________ about a hundred
years later.
• Vikings were not just pirates and warriors
but also __________ and colonists
• Traders
• Vikings targeted the
___________________________, which
were their major sources of wealth at the
time.
• Churches and Monasteries
The Swedish Vikings influenced the
growth of the early ___________state
around Kiev. The Slavic people called
them “Rus”. They were ruled by Vikings for
a long time that the land was named
______________.
• Russian, Russia
The Viking invasions caused European
kingdoms to be more centralized and
focused.
European kingdoms learned how to
protect themselves and gain by
________and negotiating with the Vikings
instead of ___________ them
• Trade, fighting
Vikings became citizens of many places in
Europe.
Many had become _____________ back
in their homelands. This lead to the
downfall of the Norse religion and culture.
• Christians
Name the first civilization to arise in the area of
Greece and the island of Crete.
• Minoan
Name the Group of people who traded with the Minoans
Clues:
It’s capital was the capital for the legendary king Agamemnon (the Trojan War).
As in Crete, the political unit was a kingdom ruled by the king and his warrior nobles.
kings ruled from their palaces
economy was marked by extensive division of labor, tightly controlled from above.
People were divided into artisans, farmers, laborers, and slaves (most of whom
toiled for kings or aristocrats).
All worked according to orders from the king and his nobles.
traded with the Minoans--for at least 200 years, relations between the two peoples
were peaceful.
Sometime around 1450 BC, this group attacked Crete, destroying many of the
Minoan palaces and capturing it for the next 50 years
• Mycenaean
The city-state of Athens introduced
______________ which laid to the
foundation for Europe’s government and
culture.
• Democracy
• What is a Republic?
Republic
Government that no longer has a
monarchy in which the supreme power
rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote
and is exercised by representatives
chosen directly or indirectly by them
The __________became the dominant political
unit during the Dark ages of Greece.
• Polis
The Romans founded a ____________
which eventually encompassed Europe,
Throughout the empire the Romans
built a network of roads, bridges, &
______________________that
connected outlying areas to Rome.
• Republic, Aqueducts
__________________ became the official
religion of the Roman Empire. Eventually
the Roman Empire was divided and ruled
by ____ ______One in the West and one
in the East. Each region developed its
own politics, religions, and cultural
traditions.
• Christianity, 2 emperors
_______________ groups from the north
overthrew the Roman rule in the western half of
the empire, they began separate kingdoms, and
accepted the western form of
Christianity ________ __________. The eastern
half eventually became the Byzantine Empire with
its capital in Constantinople (today called
Istanbul). The eastern form of Christianity
became known as ________ ___________.
• Christianity, Roman Catholic, Eastern
Orthodox
After the fall of Rome, western Europe
enters the ___________ _______ - the
period between ancient times and modern
times. ____________- A system where
monarchs or lords gave land to nobles in
return for pledges of loyalty. Serfs worked
the land. It replaced centralized
government.
• Discrimination and persecution by
Christians in western Europe forced
many ______ to settle in eastern Europe.
Jews
The __________ were a series of brutal
religious wars to win Palestine. Christians
wanted to “free” the birthplace of Christ
from Muslim rule. Europeans did not win
permanent control of Palestine, but did
develop new trade route in the eastern
Mediterranean.
• The 300 year period of discovery and
learning known as the _____________
renewed interest in ancient Greece and
Roman culture led to scientific advances.
One of the major advances was
movable type This helped spread new
ideas more quickly and
easily.
Renaissance
• Availability of printed material spread the ideas
of the _____________. These new ideas
weakened the power of the Roman Catholic
Church and led to the rise of Protestantism
(Martin Luther-95 thesis-Indulgences). This
movement is known as the Protestant
Reformation. Religious wars engulfed Europe
and enabled monarchs to strengthen their power
over nobles and church leaders.
• Reformation
_____________ __________ (Capitalism)
begins in England. Power driven
machines and new methods of production
transformed life in Europe.
New social groups emerged: the middle
class of merchants and factory owners
and the working class of factory
laborers.
Industrial Revolution
• Inequality in the industrial work place led
to the birth of _____________ – a
philosophy that called for a society based
on economic equality in which the workers
controlled the factories and all industrial
production.
• Communism
• _____________ (Communists) win the
civil war in Russia. The country is
renamed the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics (USSR) or Soviet Union.
Bolsheviks
WWII
After the war, Europe is ruined and
divided. Eastern Europe came under
communist control led by __________.
Western Europe’s democracies received
millions of dollars and military aid to
rebuild under the Marshall Plan.
USSR
• The victorious Allied Powers divided
Germany into 4 zones. The 3 western zones
(US,UK, and France) became West Germany
and the eastern zone (USSR) became East
Germany. Many people in Eastern Europe
fled communism to Western Europe. The
Cold War begins.
• Eastern European countries led by
communist USSR were ideologically
opposed to Western European countries
that were led by the US. This ideological
conflict is known
as the
_______ ______.
East Germany built the _____ __________ and other barriers.
Western European democracies became more productive and
economically secure, but communist Eastern Europe had a low
standard of living and little economic growth.
The Berlin Wall was constructed by the German Democratic
Republic (GDR, East Germany) that completely cut off West Berlin
from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin. The barrier
included guard towers placed along large concrete walls, which was
erected served to prevent the massive emigration and defection that
marked Germany and the communist Eastern Bloc during the postWorld War II period. Both borders came to symbolize the "Iron
Curtain" that separated Western Europe and the Eastern Bloc during
the Cold War.
• Berlin Wall
The Maastricht Treaty was signed and
formed the ________ ___________. The
member countries voted to have a central
bank and common currency (known as the
Euro).
Goods, workers,
and services move across borders of
member nations without passports or
tariffs.
• European Union