Transcript World History End of Course Test Review

World History End of
Course Test Review
What are the two conflicting
ideals of the Cold War?
 Democracy
– United States
 Communism – Soviet Union
During the Cold War, who
dominated Eastern European
countries such as East Germany
and Poland?
 Eastern
European was dominated by
the Soviet Union
What method did Gandhi and others
used to gain independence and civil
rights for all?
 Nonviolent
civil disobedience
The Nuremberg Trials was a major
event in the 20th Century, what did
the trials establish?
 The Trials
established principles of
responsibility for human rights
violations
Place the following events in
order as the happened.
5 a. Victory in Japan
3 b. Europe surrenders
4 c. Bombing of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
2 d. D-Day
1 e. Invasion of Poland
The Nuremberg Laws lead to
what major event during World
War II?
 The
Laws led to the Holocaust
Why did Russia enter World
War II?
 Russia
enters into WWII in response
to German invasion
Japan’s industrialization leads to
natural resources
a demand for ________________.
Explain the Roosevelt
Corollary.
 Gave
the U.S. the right to intervene if
Latin American independence was
threatened
Why did the League of Nations
fail (not work)?
 No
power to enforce its decisions
 United States did not participate
What is an effect of the Treaty
of Versailles?
 The
terms of the Treaty led to World
War II.
What are the causes of the
Russian Revolution of 1917?
 Incompetent
leadership by Czar
Nicholas II
 Peasants’ demands for land reform
 Russia’s defeat in the Russo-Japanese
War
 High Russian casualties in World War I
What are the 2 reasons the U.S.
ended the policy of isolationism
and entered into World War I?
 Sinking
of the Lusitania
 The Zimmerman Telegram –
Germany’s attempt to ally themselves
with Mexico
List the causes of World War I.
 assassination
of the heir to the throne
of the Austro-Hungarian Empire
 attack on the neutral country of
Belgium by the German army
 division of Europe into a system of
two opposing alliances
Define imperialism. How does
mercantilism fit into the idea of
imperialism?
 Imperialism
– land grab
 Mercantilism – for the home country
to do all it could do to increase
wealth through its colonies
Why do Europeans want to
control the Suez Canal?
 To
establish a direct sea trade route
from Europe to east Asia
Compare and contrast
Capitalism, Socialism, and
Communism.
 Capitalism
is controlled by free
market system
 Socialism is controlled by the society
as a whole
 Communism is controlled by the
government.
Otto von Bismarck believed in
the concept of
powerful state
_______________.
What is the Columbian
Exchange?
 introduction
of new foods to both
Europe and the Americas
One of Napoleon’s major
achievements left behind,
which still influences politics
today, is
the codification of the law
__________________________.
How did the American Revolution
influence the independence
movement in South America?
 providing
an example of a successful
colonial rebellion for Simon Bolivar
and others to try to repeat
List the protections in the
American Bill of Rights
influenced by the Magna Carta.
 life, liberty, and
pursuit of happiness
How are the American and
French Revolutions similar?
 both
favored representative
governments
List John Locke’s beliefs.
 people
are born with unalienable
rights
 people’s individual rights should be
protected by a government
What are the effects from the
Industrial Revolution in
Europe?
 the
growth of the middle class
What is the central idea behind
the Scientific Revolution?
 observation
and experimentation
Explain Newton’s theory.
 Theory
includes the laws of motion
and gravitation
Machiavelli’s political writings
support what political idea?
 absolute
power
What is a similarity between
the Reformation and the
Counter-Reformation?
 They
create less religious tolerance
Martin Luther established a
new religion, which led to
Protestantism
_________________.
What are the major characteristics
of the Renaissance?
 classical
cultures of Greece and Rome
were revived and imitated
Compare and contrast the art
of the Middle Ages and of the
Renaissance.
 Middle Ages
– the Church and
salvation
 Renaissance – everyday life and family
relationships
World History End of
Course Test Review
Explain the event that takes
place in 1066.
 Battle
of Hastings
◦ Anglo-Saxon England was conquered
by William of Normandy
List the causes and effect of
the Crusades.
 Cause
◦ to regain the Holy Land
 Effects
◦ the growth of trade
◦ the growth of towns
◦ creation of a banking system
Explain the Feudal system. Know
the “Feudal System Pyramid”.
Explain how the Byzantine culture
has influenced Russia. Why is
Constantinople an important city?
 The
Byzantine –
◦ emperor had absolute power
◦ emperor was the head of both the state and
the church
◦ style of architecture was greatly admired
 Constantinople
–
◦ located on an easily fortified peninsula near
the Black Sea
◦ capital of the Byzantine Empire until the
Ottoman conquest
Explain the importance of the
Twelve Tables. Why were the
Twelve Tables written?
 Became
a model for future law
 Reason - To prevent patricians from
abusing their positions
During the Punic Wars, what
path did Hannibal take to
invade Italy?
 From
Northern Africa through Spain
then over the Alps into Italy
What are some of the
achievements of Julius
Caesar?
 Formed
triumvirate with Pompey and
Crassus
 Conquered Gaul
 Named dictator over Rome
Define Hellenism.
 Greek
and Macedonian cultures
spread through conquest
Plato believed in a government
ruled by an aristocracy, or
an intellectual upper class
__________________________.
What was Socrates’ belief
toward education? How could
this be achieved?
 Belief
– learn to think for themselves
 Achievement – through questioning
everything
Who ruled the Greek city-state?
What are three Greek words
that describe the city-state?
 Ruled
– by the aristocracies
 City-state – polis, acropolis, agora
Explained the geography of
Greece.
 Greece’s
mountains kept groups of
Greeks separated.
Define the term “golden age”.
a
period of exceptional prosperity and
cultural progress
What is a Doric, Ionic, and a
Corinthian?
 Types
of Greek Columns
List the characteristics of the
Ancient China society.
 Respect
for elders
 Ancestor worship
 Civil service examinations
What is Hammurabi’s Code?
How is it related to the Chinese
legalism?
 Hammurabi’s
Code –sometimes laws
need to distinguish between social
classes
 Hammurabi’s Code and Chinese
legalism both believe harsh laws are
needed to control society
Describe the Phoenician
civilization.
 Developed
the alphabet
 Great sailors of the ancient world
 Established colonies in Spain and
North Africa
Why was government
development necessary in
early civilizations?
 Government
is needed to maintain
order among soaring populations
Why did the humans settle in
the Fertile Crescent?
 Its
many rivers and rich soil supported
crops.
 Also known as Mesopotamia
Why is the Rosetta Stone
important?
 helped
decode hieroglyphics
Define commodities.
 goods
with value for trade
List the ways cultural diffusion
happens. What determined the
movement patterns of early
humans?
 Cultural
diffusion happened through
trade and war
 Movement patterns of early humans
follow animal migration
List the characteristics of a
civilization.
 Specialize
division in jobs
 Government
 Writing
 Culture
 A belief system
How do archaeologists learn
about ancient people?
 Through
artifacts
Explain the Neolithic
Agriculture Revolution.
 Discovery
of agriculture – food could
be grown from seeds which led to
permanent civilizations
Hinduism
Buddhism
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
Founder
Unknown
Siddhartha
Abraham
Jesus
Mohammad
Sacred
Text
Vedas and
Rig-Veda
None
Torah
Holy
Bible
Quran
Type of
Religion
Polytheistic
Polytheistic
Monotheistic
Monotheistic
Monotheistic
Jerusalem
Jerusalem
Mecca
Important
Cities
Caste System
Basic
Beliefs
Reincarnation
Four Noble
Truths
Reincarnation
Nirvana
10 Commandments
Holy trinity
5 Pillars of
Islam
Heaven and
Hell
Prayer 5
times a day