Transcript Chapter 4 - Amazon S3

By Anastas Kanaris and Chris Polidoro
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Chapters 1, 4 and 5
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Homo erectus  Europe
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Stayed settled
Agriculture spawn
Domesticated animals
Neolithic revolution
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Southern Europe to Northern
Agricultural development
Hunters, fishermen, foragers
Bronze Age
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Greek/Roman religions
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Aristotle/Cicero
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moderation/balance
Socrates
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gods
conventional wisdom
Geometry/anatomy important
Roman engineering
Arts/literature
Zoroastrianism
Olympic games
Greek sculptures, architecture, plays
Romans rarely surpassed Greeks
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Roman/Greek Empire
Greek city-states
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Aristocratic rule
Despite democracy
No single style (Greece)
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democracy most famous
Governments supported official religion
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Polis
tolerated others
Loyalty state
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uniform principles
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Greeks/Romans farmers
Commercial agriculture
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Also extensive trade
Slavery=important
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Private merchants
Grain trade
Military/household tasks/outside work
Women in business
Greek trading network
Roman goods traded-(China/India)
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Mostly Farmers
Landlords squeeze farmers to low class
Slavery=important social institution
Family tight social structure
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Women had great influence/power in house
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men in firm control
Still subordinate to men
Society lagged behind China/India
Status of women better than China
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Chapters 9,10 and 15
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Slavic  Europe
West: agriculture suffered 9th Century
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3 field system
Increase yields
Horse Collars
Move to Urban Areas Began
Commercial Network
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spread of diseases
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Byzantine Empire
Origin in 4th Century
Benefitted from Hellenistic World
Culture Exchange
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Kievan Rus
Russia separate from Europe development
Feudal Europe
Benefitted from Catholic Church
Widespread Commercial Network
Crusades
Problems b/w East/West
Great Schism
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Justinian
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Attempt re-conquer W. land
Successors concentrated on defense
Long decline
Crusaders sacked Constantinople
Ottoman Turks conquer (1453)
Kiev- Captured by Tatars
European expansion
Conflict in West… Crusades
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Byz- Depended on countryside control
Regulated trade/food
Peasants food/taxes
Widespread Commercial Network
Italians took away from Byzantines
Russia- Kiev=commercial center
Medieval Europe: Self Sufficient
Agricultural Advancements
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Feudalism
Monarch-Vassal-Knight-Serf
To control large territories
Church above all
Cities encouraged lay groups
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Chapters 16, 17 and 18
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Technological improvements
Sail Atlantic
Improved metalwork techniques
Improved navigational skills
Printing
Colombian exchange
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food, disease, people
International spread of disease
Many deaths
Major population increases
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Renaissance
 Secular topics
 Religion declined (Deism)
 Humanism
Changed styles art/sculpture
Writers mixed themes
Northern rulers  art patrons
Replaced Gothic
Catholic Reformation
 Challenged Catholicism
 Protestant groups
 Lutheran, Anglican, Calvinism, Jesuits
 Religious wars
Major science advances
Literacy became widespread
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Atlantic exploration
 Overseas empires
 Carve up Africa
 Gained profits
Commercial Revolution
Rebellionssocial tension
Science revolution  new government
Frederick the Great
Monarchs gained new powers
French centralized authority
 formed a bureaucracy/military
Absolute monarchy
Louis XIV
Territorial expansion
Parliamentary regimes
Politically divided/at war
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Dominated economy
Producers/suppliers
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Merchants/manufacturers profited
Commercialization spurred
Trading companies
Agricultural regions
Mass consumerism
Agricultural methods improved
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Africa =slave supplier
New World crops increased supply
Agricultural advances spurred manufacturing
Household production
Economic change growing population
Manufacturing jobs
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European-style family
Intensified linksfamilies/individual property
holdings
Later marriage
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New rural/urban proletariat
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form of birth control
Suffered from increased food prices
Popular protest
Witchcraft hysteria
Longer lives
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Chapters 23, 24 and 27
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Technological Improvements
Industrial Revolution
Weapon improvements
Population Stabilized
Urban Growth continuation
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Shift to Land Empires in Asia
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Dutch in Java
British in India
Forced Trade
Philosophies
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Governments=Monarchies
Revolutionaries break monarchy
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Russia: immense social strain
British, French, Dutch empires
Nationalism
Revolution Pattern
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Some democratic republics
Started in US
liberal rights/religious freedom.
Women wanted =
Revolution spread
Constitutions sought
Manorialism terminated
Aristocrats declined in power
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Mercantilism
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Changed economic policies
Trade w/ Asia altered
Serfs emancipated
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Proletariat class developed
Youthful independence grew
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Sexual behavior altered
Free but not free (Serfs)
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Chapters 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, and 36
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New household technologies
Limit migration Europe
 Had become multinational
Major war/fighting upgrade
 Blitzkrieg
 Machine guns
 Atomic weapons
Environmental damage
 Agricultural production problems
 Debate focal points
Green movement
 Environmental issues
Forced industrialization
 Environmental disaster (Soviet Union)
 Diseases
Industrial skills/labor policies
AIDS Western Europe
Art, films, literature
 Modern art
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Scientific advances
 Genetics, space (sputnik)
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New household technologies
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Consumer culture expansion
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Popular culture
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European “Americanization”
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Sexual experimentation
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Adoption of Western culture
 Worldwide homogeneity
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Nationalism
Soviet Union
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Religious freedom restricted
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Literature spread
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Promoted science
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Collapse of communism
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Back to Orthodox Christianity
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World War I
World War II
Cold War
End of empires
Spread to democracy
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Great Depression
Industrialization continued
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Weaponry
Space race (USSR)
Euro
Current economy
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Women voting
Peasant issues (after WW1)
Middle class link rulers/military
Jews/communists killed(1930s)
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Concentration camps
New work women
Middle class leisure
1940s crime increases
More marriages
Higher education gains
Divorce/birth control
Marriage/children later ages
Maternal care replaced
Men and women 100% =