Transcript Columbus and European Voyages

Chapter 3 Section 3
Columbus Reaches the Americas
Columbus
In 1451, Christopher
Columbus was born in the
Italian city of Genoa.
Round or Flat?
People before the Age of
Exploration new the world was
round!
Ptolemy had concluded the
world was round before his
death in 168 A.D.
Columbus and his Voyages
Columbus asked King John of Portugal for permission to
find a shorter route to Asia than the eastward passage
around Africa. King John refused so Columbus got
support from the Spanish rulers, Isabella and Ferdinand.
(left) Queen
Isabella and
(right) King
Ferdinand
Columbus and His Voyages
Columbus’s sets sail in 1492 using three
ships called the Santa Maria, Pinta, and
the Nina and a crew of 90 men. He first
gathers supplies at the Canary Islands,
then heads West.
Columbus and Mutiny
Columbus made good time, but it was much
further than he thought. Just as his crew
became mutinous, a lookout sighted land.
On October 12th, 1492, the three ships landed on
San Salvador, or Holy Savior.
San Salvador
The Tanio were peaceful inhabitants of this island
and welcomed trade with Columbus.
Certain he was in Asia, Columbus set out for the
mainland landing on Cuba and then Hispaniola
before heading back to Spain.
• Examine the picture carefully. What is
happening and how did the natives view
Columbus?
• Discuss with your shoulder partner your
answer using evidence from the picture.
Columbus and the
nd
2
Voyage
In September of 1493, Columbus set sail for the
Americas again. This time he establishes the
first European colony in the Western
Hemisphere, Santo Domingo.
Columbus and European
Voyages
So if Columbus arrived first,
why not the Columbias?
Amerigo Vespucci – Italian
explorer who first realized
that Columbus had not found
Asia but a new continent. A
German mapmaker named it
America in his honor.
The World Before 1492
Spain Conquers the Caribbean
• The Spanish set up plantations worked by
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Native American slaves.
When Spain needed more workers, they brought
enslaved Africans to the islands.
Bartolome de Las Casas was a spanish priest
who appealed to Spain to treat Native Americans
better.
Balboa and the Pacific
• After thirty years,
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Europeans still hoped to
find a way around the
Americas to travel to Asia.
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
crossed a narrow strip of
land at the Isthmus of
Panama to the Pacific
Ocean.
Magellan Around the World
• Ferdinand Magellan became the first person to
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sail around the world. Although, Magellan was
not the first to reach the Pacific Ocean
(Peaceful), he did name it.
1521, Magellan reaches the Philippine Islands,
where he is killed. In 1522, only one of the
ships returns to Spain.
Colonizing North America
Search for a Northwest Passage
Throughout the 1500's, European nations
looked for a shortcut to get to the riches of
Asia. They looked for a quicker way. The
northwest passage, or a waterway through
or around North America.
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English Sail West
John Cabot also believed he had reached Asia, but
landed of the coast of Canada in present day
Newfoundland.
The next year, John Cabot made a second voyage to
North America, but never made it disappearing during a
storm.
English Sail West
Cabot’s voyages did
give England its first
claim to land in North
America, which would
become instrumental in
the founding of a new
nation.
Replica of
John Cabot's
ship the
Matthew
Exploring for France
• Giovanni da Verrazano searched for
northwest passage-traveled along coast
from present-day Carolinas to Canada.
Verrazano was the first
European to enter New York
bay in 1524
Verrazano Bridge,
connects NYC
boroughs of Staten
Island and Brooklyn
In the 1530's, Jacques Cartier sailed up the St.
Lawrence River and discovered the land we call
Canada today.
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Exploring for the Dutch
• 1609 Henry Hudson entered present-day New
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York harbor and sailed up the river now named
after him.
The Spanish continued to
explore the south.
Hudson River Striped Bass
What successes came out of the
Age of exploration?
• Brainstorm with your shoulder partner
some successes that came out of the Age
of Exploration.
• What do you think the Europeans would
attempt to do next? Why?
Failure and Success
• No one found the northwest passage
• Maps were created of areas explored
• Western European rulers began thinking of how
to profit from region’s rich resources