Transcript Exploration and Technology - Center Grove Elementary School

Exploration and Technology
Chapter 3, Lesson 1
Lesson Objectives
 Explain the reasons for European exploration.
 Explain the technology that made ocean
exploration possible.
Vocabulary
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Technology
Navigation
Expedition
Empire
Entrepreneur
Cost
Benefit
Reconquista
A Rush of New Ideas
• In the 1400’s, a new age of learning, science, and art
began in Europe called the Renaissance.
• The Renaissance, which means “rebirth”, began in
Italy and spread across Europe.
• Johannes Gutenberg helped spread these new ideas
by developing the printing press in the 1450s.
• The Travels of Marco Polo became a popular book
which told of great inventions, silk, and spices that
could be found in China.
• Sailors and scientists began to work to find a way to
travel to China by sea.
Gutenberg Press
Marco Polo
1254-1324
The World Awaits
• In 1418, Prince Henry of Portugal opened
a school of navigation.
• The aim of the school was to make better
ships, maps, and tools for navigation.
• The magnetic compass was a tool sailors
used to find direction.
• The astrolabe was a tool that helped
sailors find their latitude –their distance
north or south of the equator.
Prince Henry the Navigator
and His Students
Magnetic Compass
Astrolabe
Caravel
The World Awaits
(continued)
• Europeans knew of Asia because of
Marco Polo’s book and because of trade.
• Traders had been using an ancient land
route between China and Italy called the
Silk Road for many years.
The Silk Road
The World Awaits
(continued)
• Europeans also traded with North
Africa.
• North African cities such as
Timbuktu, and Jenne’ were
centers of wealthy empires.
The World Awaits
(continued)
• Europeans generally did not know there
were other continents beyond Europe,
Asia, and Africa.
• The Vikings had sailed as far as Canada
in the year A.D.1000, but had not
realized Canada was part of an entire
new continent.
The Business of Exploring
• Explorers ran their explorations as
businesses.
• They had to be entrepreneurs to generate
the money it cost to run the expedition.
• Explorers had to persuade investors to give
them the money for the expedition.
• The investor would expect to benefit from
their investment through the riches the
explorer found.
The Business of Exploring
(continued)
• Christopher Columbus believed he could reach
the Indies by sailing west.
• Columbus first asked the King of Portugal to
finance his voyage, but was turned down.
• Then in 1485 Columbus asked the king and
queen of Spain, Isabella and Ferdinand, and
was again turned down.
The Business of Exploring
(continued)
• Finally, in 1492, after Spain had finished the
Reconquista, Isabella and Ferdinand agreed to
pay for Columbus’s voyage.
Two Worlds Meet
• On August 3, 1492, Columbus and a crew of
nearly 90 sailed from Spain on three ships:
the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria.
• The voyage was long and frightening. The
crew was losing hope.
• On October 12, land was finally spotted.
Two Worlds Meet
(continued)
• When Columbus and his crew went ashore,
they called the native people they met
Indians, since he thought he was in the
Indies.
• Columbus did not know he had discovered
an entire new continent!
• When Columbus and his men returned back
to Europe, they were treated like heroes.
Two Worlds Meet
(continued)
• The king and queen of Spain were
pleased and paid for more voyages.
• Columbus was expected to find more
riches, start settlements, and convert
people he met to the Catholic
religion.