Transcript The Jackson Era

The Jackson Era
Chapter 11
Review
Who were the four candidates who ran for
President in 1824? Where were they from?
• John Quincy Adams, New England
• Henry Clay, Kentucky
• Andrew Jackson, Tennessee
• William Crawford, The South
Who won the popular vote for election in 1824?
Andrew
Jackson
How did John Quincy Adams end up
president?
• Henry Clay gave
Adams his electoral
votes to give him the
majority.
In what ways did Adams try to increase
government control?
• Wanted a stronger navy
• Wanted government to fund scientific
expeditions
Why did Americans not support Adam’s
programs?
• The objected to spending money on
them and feared that the federal
government would become too
powerful.
What two political parties had emerged and
who did they support in the Election of
1828?
• Democratic-Republicans who supported
Andrew Jackson
• National Republicans who supported
Adams
What new elements were introduced to
politics in the Campaign of 1828?
• Mudslinging tactics
• Election slogans, rallies, buttons and
events
Who won the election of 1828?
• Andrew
Jackson
What restriction was lifted in the eastern
states that increased suffrage in the 1820s
& 1830s?
• The requirement to own land in order
to vote
Who did not get the right to vote?
• Native Americans
• African Americans
• Women
How did Democrats bring democracy into
government?
• Open up government jobs from all walks of life
How did they do this?
• By creating the spoils system and giving supporters
jobs
In what war and battle did Jackson win
national fame?
• War of 1812
• Battle of New Orleans
What was Jackson’s nickname?
•Old Hickory
Why did the 1828 tariff issue cause sectional
differences?
• The North wanted it to protect and
encourage American business.
• The South hated it and called it the Tariff
of Abominations as it raised the prices
goods
What was the Tariff of Abominations?
• A protective tax placed on foreign goods
What right did the Southern states say they had
in response to the Tariff laws?
• That states can nullify federal laws
that go against state’s interests
What is nullification?
• The idea that a state can declare a
federal law illegal
Who is the leader for the Southern States?
• John C. Calhoun
How did Jackson respond to the issue of
Nullification?
• He supported the Union over state’s
rights
Section Two
Conflicts Over Land
Who created a written alphabet for the
Cherokee?
• Sequoyah
What kind of economy did the “Five Civilized
Tribes” have?
• Farming society economies
Who were the “Five Civilized Tribes”?
• Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Chickasaw
and Choctaw
Why did Jackson and other Americans want
the Indians to move west of the
Mississippi?
• To clear the land for white settlement
Why didn’t the Whites just move west instead
of wanting the Indians lands in the East?
• The area west of the Mississippi
seemed unsuitable for farming
What law was passed that forced them to
move?
• The Indian Removal Act in 1830
What was established for the Indians to move
to?
• Indian Territory
Which tribe refused to accept a treaty and move?
• The Cherokee
How did they fight the government trying to force
them to move?
They sued the state government and took the case to the
Supreme Court and won, but Jackson did not support the
Court’s decision
The forced march of the Cherokee west was
known as what?
•Trail of Tears
Which Eastern group of Native Americans successfully
resisted removal?
• The Seminole in Florida
Who helped them fight a war with the United States?
African Americas who had runaway to escape
slavery
Section Three
Jackson and the Bank
Why did Jackson and most Democrats not like
the Bank?
• They believed it was
unconstitutional and gave
the federal government too
much power.
• Jackson also did not like
Nicholas Biddle
Why did Jackson’s opponents push for the
renewal of the Bank of the United States
early?
• They wanted to use the bank issue to
defeat Jackson in the next election in
1832.
Who did the Democratic Republicans ask to run
for President in 1836?
• Vice-President
Martin van
Buren
Who ran against Jackson in the 1832 election and
van Buren in the 1836 election?
• Henry Clay
What political party formed made up of
former National Republicans and antiJackson forces?
• The Whigs
What was the Panic of 1837?
• A severe economic depression
What were the causes of the Panic of 1837?
• Large amount of loans for land
speculation and to Cotton farmers
• The printing of too much paper
money
What was Van Buren’s response to the Panic?
• Tried to set up a more stable banking
system
• Cut White House expenses
Who did the Whigs run for President and
Vice President in the Election of 1840?
• William Henry
Harrison and
John Tyler
Who became the first vice-President to
succeed a President who died in office?
John Tyler
How did Tyler disappoint the Whigs?
• Supported states rights
• Vetoed Whig bills, including the recharter of
the Bank of the United States