Transcript A New Era in Politics - Manasquan Public Schools

A New ______ in __________
SECTION: 1
CHAPTER 12: THE ________________ ERA
American ___________
 Alexis de _______________
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Visited _______ in _______, admiring The
American __________ spirit and its goals of
_________ and ______________.
Author wrote: _______________ in
America.
__________: Right to _______
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More _______ men were eligible to
__________
____________ qualifications for
__________ ended.
_______ turnout is nearly 80% by
_________
Election of ___________
 1. ____________________
 (Mass.)- Son of John ________, the
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________ President of the
_______
Graduate of __________
University.
Served as _________ of _______
_____________ /_________
morals.
___________________ in front
of __________, seemed _______.
Election ___________
 2._____________
(Kentucky)
 Shrewd ___________.
 ______________ of the
House of
_____________________.
 Not as _______________ as
the other ______________.
Election of __________
 3. ____________________ (West)
 Known for his ____________ victories
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during the _________ of ___________.
Very ___________ /known for
________________.
__________________ and slave owner
Born in a ______________, parents
were__________ _______________.
“________ ____________”
Election of _________
 4.______________
_____________(Sou
th)
 Too _______ to
________________.
__________________
 ________________ won
___________ vote, but _____
candidate won the __________,
or more than _________, of the
________________ votes.
 The ________ of ______ had to
choose from the top _________
candidates
 _______ was out of the running
since he came in _______ place.
The __________ _____________
 Last ____________ decided
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by the __________ of
____________________
Each _______ had _____
vote
John Q. Adams= ___ votes
Andrew Jackson= ___ votes
William Crawford= ___ votes
The Corrupt Bargain
 Henry Clay was the
Speaker of the House
and able to influence
others to vote for
John Adams.
 John Adams was very
unpopular with the
American people.
An Unpopular President
 Plan for Economic
Growth:
 1. Called for government
to pay for new roads and
canals
 2. Created projects to
support the arts and
sciences
 The Government turned
down many of his
programs.
Election of 1828
 John Adams vs.
Andrew Jackson
 It was not an election
based on issues, but
personalities of the
candidates.
 Jackson won easily!
 Supporters saw it as a
victory for the common
people (farmers/city
workers).
Jacksonian Democracy
 Major spread of political
power.
 First Westerner to
occupy the White House.
 Thousands came to his
inauguration.
 Common people loved
him!
New Political Parties
 National Republicans
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(Whigs)Supporters of Adams and
his programs for national
growth.
Wanted federal
government to spur the
economy.
Supporters were eastern
business people and
southern planters.
Many were Federalists.
New Political Parties
 Democrats:
 Supporters of Jackson
were frontier farmers
and workers in eastern
cities
New Ways to Choose Candidates
 Caucus- Private
meeting.
 Powerful party leaders
held a caucus and then
choose a candidate for
President.
 Critics felt it was
undemocratic--only a
few powerful people
could take part in it.
Nominating Convention
 Delegates from all
states chose the
party's candidate for
President.
 Encouraged citizen
participation in the
nominating process.
 Citizens were encouraged
to learn about the
convention events and
actively participate.
Jackson in the White House
SECTION 2 CHAPTER 12
Andrew Jackson
 Grew up in N. Carolina.
 Parents died before he was 15
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yrs. Old.
Joined the Patriots during the
Rev.War at the age of 13.
Became a successful lawyer.
Led many victories for
Americans in War of 1812.
Involved in many Duels.
Known for having a short
temper.
Enemy to the Creek Indians.
Spoils Systems
 The practice of rewarding
supporters with
government jobs.
 Jackson fired over 200
presidential employees and
replaced them with his
friends and supporters.
 Many of his supporters
were rewarded with
Cabinet positions, even
though they were not
qualified for the job!
Kitchen Cabinet
 Group of unofficial
advisers).
 Jackson met with those
close to him rather than
the official Cabinet to
discuss important issues.
Mr. Biddle’s Bank
 Jackson wanted to limit
the power of the Bank of
the United States.
 Nicholas Biddle-President of the Bank of
the U.S.---was a bit
corrupt.
 Congress tries to have
the charter for bank
approved early.
 But, Jackson vetoed the
bank bill!
Two Reasons for Veto
 1. Felt the bank was
unconstitutional--too much
power over people.
 2. Thought it only helped the
rich and hurt the common
people in the country.
 This became the major issue
in the election of 1832:
Jackson still beat the Whig
candidate, Henry Clay.
 Bank of the United States
closes in 1836 creating an
economic crisis!!!
A New Crisis
SECTION 3 CHAPTER 12
A Crisis Over Tariffs
 States' rights- The right
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of states to limit the power
of the federal government.
1828: Tariff of
Abomination- highest
tariff ever passed in history
of Congress.
Protected manufacturers
from foreign competition.
Good for the
North(factories).
Bad for the
South(depended on
imports).
Calhoun v. Webster
 Vice President John C.
Calhoun was against
this tariff! Resigned
from office.
 Nullification- cancel a
federal law that is
considered to be
unconstitutional.
 Daniel Webstersupported tariff and felt
that states should not be
able to nullify laws passed
by Congress.
The Nullification Crisis
 Congress passed the
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Tariff of 1832- slightly
lowered rate
South CarolinaPassed the Nullification
Act--declared the 1832
tariff illegal.
Threatened to secede
from the Union if
challenged.
No support--had to
repeal the act.
Tragedy for Native Americans
 Indian Removal Act-
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law passed in 1830 that
forced Native Americans to
move west of the
Mississippi River.
Jackson actually backed
the states in dealing with
the Indians and their land!
Trail of Tearsforced journey of the
Cherokee Indians(15,000)
from Georgia to a region
west of the Mississippi
Thousands of Cherokees
died
The Seminoles Resist
 Seminole War-
Conflict that began in
Florida in 1817 when the
Seminoles resisted
removal.
 Led by Chief Osceola .
 Three Seminole Wars:
 Ended in 1858:
Seminoles finally forced
to leave Florida.
Martin Van Buren
 Becomes President after Jackson
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completes his two terms
Panic of 1837: Economic Crisis
Bank of U.S. is closed.
State banks were lending $$ without
limits.
State banks printed more and more
money not backed by gold/silver.
Before Jackson left office, he
ordered that anyone buying
land had to pay in gold or silver.
Speculators rushed to banks to
exchange $$ for gold.
Banks did not have enough
gold/silver and were forced to close.
Economic Depression
 A period when business
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decline and many people
lose their jobs.
Depression lasted 3
years:
90% of banks closed
Thousands out of work
Many Blamed Martin
Van Buren for
depression!
Campaigns of 1840
 (Democrat) Martin Van
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Buren vs.
(Whig) William Henry
Harrison
Both traveled around land
making speeches.
Mudslinging- the use of insults
to attack an opponent's
reputation. (name-calling, halftruths, lies)
William Henry Harrison
wins election!
1. Created a new Bank of the
United States
2. Improved roads and canals
3. demanded a high tariff
Death in the White House
 Harrison died of
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pneumonia.
John Tyler(Vice
President) becomes
new President
Tyler went against many
Whig plans.
He vetoed the new Bank of
the U.S.
The majority of his cabinet
resigned and Tyler was
thrown out of their party.