Transcript President Jackson and related topics

EVENTS, ISSUES AND PERSONALITIES THAT
CONTRIBUTED TO SECTIONALISM AND
NATIONALISM
Michael Quiñones, NBCT
www.socialstudiesguy.com
MACRO-CONCEPTS
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CHANGE
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MIGRATION
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CONFLICT
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LEADERSHIP
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DIFFERENCES, ALTERATION AND
TRANSFORMATION
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MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE FROM ONE
PLACE TO ANOTHER
PROBLEM, DISAGREEMENT AND
POTENTIAL FOR FIGHTING
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SETTING AN EXAMPLE FOR
OTHERS TO FOLLOW
MICRO CONCEPTS
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JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
NATIONALISM
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SECTIONALISM
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STATES’ RIGHTS
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SPOILS SYSTEM
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BELIEF IN WIDE CITIZEN
PARTICPATION IN GOVERNMENT
EXTREME LOVE FOR YOUR NATION
AND EXAGGERATED PARTIOTISM
LOYALTY TO CERTAIN SECTION OF
A COUNTRY [SOUTH, NORTH, ETC]
POWER OF INDIVIDUAL STATES TO
CONTROL THEIR AFFAIRS
METHOD OF REWARDING
SUPPORTERS’ VOTING LOYALTY
WITH A GOVERNMENT JOB
THE ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS
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The time period immediately following the War of 1812 was called the
Era of Good Feelings by a Boston newspaper.
Era =time period.
James Monroe, the new president, was uniting the nation under one
political party [the Republicans] and trying to expand the country’s
borders.
Because there was little partisan fighting [arguing between political
parties] the country was able to move forward and succeed politically.
Unfortunately the good feelings did not last very long because political
leaders in the U.S. had many disagreements over domestic and
international affairs.
THINK-PAIR-SHARE
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Pair up with the person next to you and talk
about a time in your lives when….
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Things got back to normal after a very chaotic
time in your life.
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Talk about how long that lasted and why/how
life may have gotten chaotic again.
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Monroe’s Secretary of State [advisor in charge of contact with foreign
countries] created a plan to bring greater security to the United States.
The Monroe Doctrine did not allow foreign countries such as England,
France and Spain to control any land near the United States as
colonies.
The United States would control the Western Hemisphere.
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Pair up with the person next to you and talk
about a time when you were very defensive
over your personal property, family, etc…and
be prepared to share those thoughts.
Is it okay to defend your personal property
and/or family by any means necessary?
What should the limits be if any?
PANIC OF 1819
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All good things usually come to an end.
So did the Era of Good Feelings
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The National Bank set up by Alexander
Hamilton under his plan expired and no
longer existed.
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Individual states had set up banks that were
lending money to people who were not
repaying.
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The amount of money the federal
government had in circulation was limited.
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Prices on goods started to rise uncontrollably
and financial panic set in.
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The U.S. Government settled the economy
down by issuing large amounts of specie
[silver and gold coins] to bring real value and
strength to the economy.
MCCULLOCH VS. MARYLAND
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The U.S. government created another national bank so it could
collect taxes, issue currency, borrow money and lend money.
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States were angry they had to compete with the federal
government so they decided to tax the national bank.
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Can states tax the federal government?
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This conflict ended up in court. The U.S. Supreme Court
decided that: [A] Congress indeed had the power to create
banks [B] States had no power to tax the federal government.
GIBBONS VS OGDEN
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This U.S. Supreme Court case was similar to the McCulloch case because it
dealt with interstate commerce and conflict between the states and federal
government
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The decision ruled that whenever conflicts between a state and national
government arose the national government was superior.
DISCUSSION POINT
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Pair up with the person next to you and talk
privately about whether state/local gov’ts
should have the right to nullify federal laws.
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What interests do state/local gov’ts have to
maintain rights?
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What interests does the federal gov’t in
maintaining supremacy over states?
ELECTION OF 1824
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Corrupt bargain of 1824 was the deal to allow
John Quincy Adams to become president of the
United States.
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During this election no one received 51% of the popular vote. When that
happens who selects the president?
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The House of Representatives! Henry Clay, the House Speaker, steered
votes Adams’ way in exchange for being made Secretary of State.
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Henry Clay believed the job would get him closer to becoming the next
president.
DISCUSSION POINT
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Pair up with the person next to you and talk
about whether…
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You believe whether corruption of any kind by
public officials is ever okay.
HENRY CLAY’S AMERICAN SYSTEM
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Economic plan that protected American
industries [farming, manufacturing] from
foreign competition.
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Create tariffs [taxes on imported/foreign
goods] to protect American businesses
[farms].
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Create a national bank to stop the risky
state banks and make America stronger.
Congressman Henry Clay
JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
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Style of government that included more of the
common types of people instead of mostly
wealthy and highly educated people.
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Jackson believed in universal WHITE
MANHOOD SUFFRAGE (all white men
regardless of wealth, education or class could
vote)
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Manifest Destiny-expanding the territory of the
United States West toward the Pacific Ocean.
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SPOILS SYSTEM-winners of elections should
select government officials.
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STRICT CONSTRUCTIONIST-same thing as strict
interpretation of the U.S. Constitution.
Founding Fathers’ wishes and original plan
should be honored and the U.S. Constitution
should be interpreted literally.
TARIFF OF ABOMINATION
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Tax against British goods to protect
Northern manufactured goods.
Senator Calhoun from South Carolina
was against tariffs.
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Tariffs made it harder for England to buy
Southern cotton and damaged the
economy.
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South Carolina Exposition and ProtestLetter Calhoun wrote denouncing,
speaking against the tariff.
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South Carolina Nullification Crisis-South
Carolina tried to cancel out the federal
law but couldn’t.
Senator John C. Calhoun
THINK-PAIR-SHARE
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Pair up with the person next to you and talk
about what you would have done if you were
Senator Calhoun….
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Would you have supported the Tariff {if so
why?}.
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Why do you think he pushed for ditching the
Tariff?
NAT TURNER’S SLAVE REBELLION
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Nat Turner was a slave from Virginia who rebelled against his owners.
Turner escaped his plantation and other slaves joined him in revolt.
The rebel slaves attacked whites, caused disturbances and violence.
More than 100 blacks were killed by white mobs and many new anti-slave laws
were passed to restrict the movement and rights of slaves.
Nat Turner was captured, put on trial and hanged.
Very restrictive laws called Black codes were passed as a reaction to Turner’s
rebellion.
PET BANKS
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These were banks allowed to operate and receive money from the federal
government.
They were called “pet” banks because they were favored by President Jackson in
order for states to receive payments from the federal government.
ELECTION OF 1832
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FIRST TIME A NATIONAL CONVENTION WAS
USED TO NOMINATE A PRESIDENTIAL
CANDIDATE.
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Electors from the Democratic Party across the
U.S. came together to nominate Andrew
Jackson for president.
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Jackson was re-elected by a huge margin [more
than 2-to-1.
WHIG PARTY
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POLITICAL PARTY CREATED TO OPPOSE PRESIDENT JACKSON [TO DEFEAT HIM
IN ELECTIONS].
GOALS WERE ECONOMIC PROTECTIONISM BY CREATING TARIFFS ON FOREIGN
GOODS.
PASS LAWS AND AMENDMENTS TO END SLAVERY
ELECTION OF 1840
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Van Buren had been Jackson’s vice-president and did not have a good
reputation [citizens were ready for a change].
The national economy was trying to recover from the Panic of
1837[recession].
Former U.S. General Harrison was very popular for his victories during the
War of 1812.
Harrison won the election as president versus Van Buren.
W.H. Harrison
Martin Van Buren