Transcript Chapter 7: 4 States` Rights and the National Bank of the United States

Goal 2 Part 3
Nullification Crisis and
Jacksonian Democracy
Daniel Webster
(Massachusetts Senator)
Favored STATES’ RIGHTS
 “Liberty first and Union afterwards” speech
 Main focus: How much power
should the federal gov’t have????
(STATES LOVE THIS)
*Madison’s Tariff of 1816 was
Increased in ‘24 and’ 28….
(Which group hates this???
Why?)
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SOUTH CAROLINA EXPOSITION
(protest document by John C. Calhoun)
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Jackson’s Vice President,
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JOHN C. CALHOUN (War Hawk) of South Carolina, called
the increased tariff the
“TARIFF OF ABOMINATIONS”
(North is getting rich of the expense of the South)
WHY?????
-Threatens with secession
Pres. Jackson
“You WILL stay!”
Inside the South Carolina Exposition: NULLIFICATION THEORY
Jackson (P) VS Calhoun (VP) / Calhoun resign in 1832 in
protest of Jackson’s support of the Tariff
“TARIFF OF ABOMINATIONS”
SOUTH CAROLINA EXPOSITION
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South depended on the world market
Tariff DECREASED British exports to this
country (expensive) so….
South couldn’t depend on the British….had to
buy from the NORTH.
***The North was getting RICH at the
expense of the South***
Calhoun’s Nullification Theory
(as exposed in the S.C. Exposition)
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Backed up Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
(VIRGINIA AND KENTUCKY
RESOLUTIONS = States’ Rights!)
- If the federal government denied a state the right
to nullify, that state has the right to withdraw from
the Union….
Congress raises the tariff again and South Carolina
threatens secession!
****** Jackson reacts to South Carolina’s threat and
proposes a lowered tariff – still too high (South =
angry!)
Andrew Jackson’s response to the South
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helped pass the “Force Bill 1833” – could
use (FORCE) AGAINST the South in order to
collect dues/taxes (any force necessary to
enforce tariffs)
South – resents the federal government
SOLUTION: Henry Clay steps in and claims
the tariff will eventually decrease over 10
years
Jackson’s views on the Bank of the
United States
- Vetoed a bill to re-charter the B.O.U.S. 
Bank War – Jackson vs. Nicholas Biddle (2nd B.O.U.S. Pres)
Why does Jackson hate the B.O.U.S????
(1) Only helped the privileged
(2) B.O.U.S. = unfair to state banks
(3) Stockholders earned interest, not average taxpayer
“The bank is trying to kill me, but I will kill it”
- Andrew Jackson
*** Initial steps to destroy the Bank of U.S. = Take deposits OUT and put
them into pet banks (done while Congress was in recess)
(Unconstitutional)
****PET BANKS****
Jackson’s personal state banks…hated the National Bank!!!
*****RESULT: Second Bank of the U.S. went out of business******
T.Q. – What did we develop through the Second Bank of the U.S.?
Critics view:
King Andrew the First
Andrew Jackson
Scepter = monarchy
Veto = presidential power
*standing on
the Constitution
*Formation of the WHIG
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Party*
the discontented, frustrated Americans
“AGAINST” Andrew Jackson
Supported the American System, but not
tariffs/ claims federal money should pay for
internal improvements and transportation –
not tariffs
LOVED federal control or national banking.
Andrew Jackson
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Battle of New Orleans
Corrupt Bargain
Spoils System
Indian Removal Act
Worcester V Georgia
Force Bill
Bank War
Jackson Newspaper w/ editorial
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Newspaper title
Visual Representation / Political Cartoon (Connected to Jacksonian Democracy
or to a specific topic below)
Topics: (*YOU MUST CHOOSE 4 of the 6)
(1)
Tension between John Quincy Adams and Jackson
(2)
Spoils System (effects)
(3)
Indian Removal Act 1830
(4)
Relationship between Marshall and Jackson (Worcester V. Georgia)
(5)
Relationship between Calhoun and Jackson / Tariff War / Force Bill
(6)
Bank War and destruction of 2nd National Bank of the United States
Essential Issue Question (For each topic): Analyze how each issue
/ topic shaped American culture in the 1820s and 1830s?
Editorial: (* YOU MUST CHOOSE 1 of the 2)
(CHOICE 1) You are a Cherokee being “forced” away from your family and home.
Write a “letter” to President Jackson convincing him to rethink assimilation
and the Indian Removal Act
(CHOICE 2) As either Andrew Jackson (NATIONALIST) or John C. Calhoun
(SECTIONALIST), persuade your opposition to rethink his stance. Argue
your purpose and how it relates to the unity of the country.
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(USE NOTES (Goal 2:2-3) and p. 224-234 in your textbook)
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Compromise vs. Confrontation
Create a continuum like the one on the
board. Rank the following historical leaders
by placing their names on your continuum.
(1) John Quincy Adams
(2) Andrew Jackson
(3) Henry Clay
(4) John C. Calhoun
(5) John Marshall
**** Support your ranking based on historical
events in which these men played critical
roles. (DETAIL)
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