Transcript The Age of Jackson (1824-1845)

The Age of Jackson
(1824-1845)
I. The Corrupt Bargain of 1824
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
John Q. Adams
Henry Clay
William Crawford
Andrew Jackson
Jackson won the most votes but not the
majority
6. Adams becomes pres.
7. “Corrupt Bargain”—Pres. Adams appointed
Clay as Sec. of State
II. 1828 Presidential Election
1. Jackson’s supporters claimed Adams
stole the 1824 election
2. Jackson won the election
3. Democratic party became the 1st real
political party
4. Dem. supported Jackson
III. Jackson as President
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1828—planter & slaveholder
1st president from the west
Achieved fame from fighting the Indians
Congressman/Senator from TN
Territorial Gov. of FL
Common People-personally popular
Jackson as President (cont’d)
7. Spoils System—appoint campaign
supporters with gov. positions
1. "to the victor belong the spoils of the
enemy."
8. “Kitchen Cabinet”—Friends of AJ;
unofficial cabinet
9. Rotated officials—discourage
complacency & get fresh opinions
IV. Death of the Bank of the United
States
1. Gov. needs to stay out of economic
affairs!
2. BUS set to expire 1832
3. Clay favored the BUSCongress
passes a rechartering bill
4. Jackson vetoes.
Death of the Bank of the United
States (cont’d)
5. Federal funds put in state banks
6. Pet Banks
7. National Rep.(“Whigs” in 1836)
supported Clay
8. Founded to oppose Andrew Jackson
9. Second Party System reborn
Death of the Bank of the United
States (cont’d)
10. Specie Circular—federal payments coin
(specie) gold/silver
11. Panic of 1837
V. Jackson Exercises Veto Power
1. Champion of states’ rights; as long as the
union not in danger
2. Vetoes more bills than anybody before
3. Maysville Road Bill
4. Vetoed by AJ
5. No fed. funds for infrastructure
improvements in one state
6. AJ. increase the power of the presidency
VI. South’s Anger over Tariffs
1. Tariff on 1828-- protect N.E. from foreign
competitors
2. “The Southern Carolina Exposition”—
John C. Calhoun
3. “Tariff of Abominations”
4. Southern states declare the tariff null &
void if the fed. gov. refused to lower the
duty requirement
South’s Anger over Tariffs (cont’d)
5. Nullification!!
6. Robert Y. Hayne (SC) proposed
nullification
7. Daniel Webster(NE) anti-nullification
8. Tariff of 1832
1. Lower tariff 45% to 35%
9. SC nullified the tariff
South’s Anger over Tariffs (cont’d)
10. Force Bill—Gave pres. power to use
military force to collect tariffs
11. Tariff of 1833—lowered tariffs even
more
12. Crisis averted
VII. Manifest Destiny
1. 1845
2. God’s Will!! The U.S. expand from sea to
shining sea (and everywhere in between)
3. Market revolution
4. Advancements in trans.
5. Nationalism
Manifest Destiny (cont’d)
6. 1840—1,000s move into TX
7. Oregon Trail
8. Up to 6 months
9. Women’s roles change
VIII. Trouble With Territories
1. Era of Expansion
2. 1836-Pres. Martin Van Buren
3. 1840-Pres. William Henry Harrison
MVB
WHH
Trouble With Territories (cont’d)
4.
5.
6.
7.
1840-Van Buren (D) up for re-election vs.
William Henry Harrison (W)
“Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too”
WHH easily winsdies 4 weeks into his
termJohn Tyler becomes pres.
IX. Boundary Issues
1. ME, OR, TX
2. 1838-Aroostook River Valley
3. War again?
4. Webster-Ashburton
Treaty 1838
5. Divide the contested
Territory; settle the northern
boundary of MN
Boundary Issues (cont’d)
Boundary Issues (cont’d)
6. Britain had a fur trading business
7. U.S. said 1st there to settle
8. Some want the border at 54°40´ parallel
Boundary Issues (cont’d)
9. 1844-James K. Polk (D)
10.“Fifty-Four forty or fight!”
11. Negotiations:
1. Boundary at 49th parallel
2. Britain gets Vancouver Island
3. Britain gets rights to the Columbia River
Sam Houston
vs. Antonio Lopez
De Santa Ana
X. Texas Joins the Union
1. 1821-TX region of independent Mex.
2. 1830s-whites & slaves outnumber
Mexicans.
3. Mex. Bans slavery; residents must be
Catholic
4. 1834-Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana
5. Sam Houston—Leads the TX in a revolt;
says TX independent republic of Mex.
Texas Joins the Union (cont’d)
6. Santa Anna attacks the Alamo; kills the
Americans
7. Houston retaliatesdefeats
Mex.Santa Anna gives TX
independence
8. Lone Star Republic
9. Houston asks to become a state
10. Jackson & Van Buren say no
11. Polk says yes; TX admitted 1845