Transcript President`s ppt 2

Andrew
Jackson
James
K. Polk
Abraham
Lincoln
Andrew
Johnson
Andrew Jackson
thought that the
Bank of the United
States had too much
power. He believed that
there should only be
State Banks. Jackson
set out to destroy the
National Bank.
Jackson instituted tariffs against
foreign producers of goods. The
Southerners called it “the Tariff of
Abominations”. The South was
especially hurt by this tariff, because
the Southerners sold their cotton to
Britain and bought items from that
country.
Does a state have a right to nullify, or
cancel, a federal law?
Because of the Tariff the South was very angry and
passed the Nullification Act. John C. Calhoun, Vice
President at the time. He said that he considered the
tariff to be unconstitutional. Calhoun was a big
believer of State’s Rights. He was against a very
strong Federal Government that hurt people in certain
states, namely the South. South Carolina threatened
to break away or, secede, from the Union and start its
own country.
Jackson fired many of the
government employees. He
replaced them with his own
supporters. Since then many of the
President’s have done the same
thing. It has become know as the
spoils system.
An accomplished Indian fighter himself,
Jackson orders Indians to Reservations. In
1830 Jackson signed the Indian Removal
Act. It forced Native Americans west of the
Mississippi River.
15,000 Cherokee
Indians, were marched
hundreds of miles.
Thousands perished in
the march, and became
known as the Trail of
Tears.
Voting became much easier
during this era. In the West,
they passed
laws that any white man over
the age of 21 could vote.
The voter turnout used to be 28
percent. In 1828, it rose to 40 percent
turnout. By 1840 the voter turnout
was 80 percent. Today 2002 about
only 35-40 percent vote.
Mexican War
1846-48
Our annexation of Texas
made the Mexicans very
uncomfortable. How far
would we come? What
other land might we
want. A dispute was
provoked when Polk
ordered General Taylor
into disputed land
between Mexican and
American territory
Mexican War
1846-48
Result of War:
1. We gain entire
Mexican Cession
2. We fulfill our
“Manifest Destiny”
Gold Rush
1849
More than 80,000 people
rush to California in
search of gold
CA becomes a state in
1850
By 1852, CA had
100,000 residents
With the election of
Abraham Lincoln in
1860, the Republicans
established their
platform: no slavery
in the territories of the
West.
The first shots were
fired in April of 1861.
The North (Union) and
South (Confederates)
fought the next four
years over several
issues: slavery, states
rights, and economics.
Abraham Lincoln
To dedicate the new
cemetery in Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania, Abraham
Lincoln gave a short
3-minute speech
dedicating the cemetery
to the brave men that
lay there.
The Emancipation
Proclamation went
into affect in 1863. It
was written and signed
by Lincoln, and it said
that all the slaves in the
Confederate States were
“now and forever free.”
He wrote this for two
reasons. First, to give the
Union (north) something
to fight for, namely the
freedom of the slaves.
Second, it was written to
keep Great Britain from
helping out the South
(Confederates) during the
war.
End of Slavery-Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude,
except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have
been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any
place subject to their jurisdiction.
Rights of All Citizens-All persons born or naturalized in the
United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of
the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall
make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or
immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State
deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due
process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the
equal protection of the laws.
Voting Rights “The right of citizens of the United States to
vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or
by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition
of servitude--”
After the Civil War was finished everyone had a
different idea on how to “punish” the south. Abraham
Lincoln said that we should treat the southern people
with a “velvet glove”, or gently. Others said that they were traitors
and should be punished. This era after the Civil War became
known as the “Reconstruction” The Argument centered on the fact
that the South needed to be “Rebuilt or Reconstruction” but how?
President Andrew Johnson was at the center of the discuss, and
wanted to be more gentle with the south. The Republicans in the
Congress thought differently.
The greatest historical
event in transportation on
the continent occurred at
Promontory Point, Utah,
on May 10, 1869, as the
Union Pacific Railroad
(From East) tracks joined
those of the Central
Pacific Railroad (From
West).