Transcript Tri-1 Benchmark REVIEW

Ch. 12
TEST
REVIEW
• A new political era began, in which
common people were celebrated.
• The spoils system was introduced in
Washington.
• The idea that the government should
be controlled by an educated elite group
was ended.
.... these were the outcome of .... what?
• the outcome of the
1828 Presidential Election
We debated on the
Senate floor over the
Doctrine of Nullification
& States’ Rights...
•
• Daniel
Webster
Robert Hayne
• In 1828, I wrote an
anonymous document called
the South Carolina Exposition
& Protest that proposed the
Doctrine of Nullification...
who am I?
•
John C. Calhoun
-- a monopoly controlled by a few
powerful men...
-- it favored the wealthy over the
common people...
-- it could threaten American democracy
by bribing officials & influencing
elections...
-- Jackson declared ‘war’ on this, thing...
• the
nd
2
Bank of the U.S.
- 1836 was a year that hit the U.S. with
inflation. In the last few months that
remained in his Presidency, Jackson, as an
attempt to fight inflation, decided to issue
an Executive Order called the ‘Specie
Circular’, that required payments for
government land to be made by .....what?
gold & silver
too much money in
circulation can cause
an bad economic
condition called....what?
inflation
I anonymously explained my
views on States’ Rights & the
Doctrine of Nullification.....
who am I, and where did I
explain my views at?
-- John C. Calhoun
-- South Carolina Exposition
and Protest
According to ‘me’, every
state has the right to
reject a Federal law that
it considers
unconstutional...
Doctrine of Nullification
We believed that the
President’s power had
grown too much under
Andrew Jackson, so we
formed our own political
party to oppose Jackson...
• the Whig Party
Why did Nicholas Biddle
ask Congress to renew
the Bank’s charter 3 years
ahead of schedule?
-- he thought that Jackson would agree to
renewal of the charter, rather than risk
angering voters in the Election of 1832
In 1828 “I” made European
imports more expensive by
almost 40%, and I really ticked
off the South...in fact, the
South even had a ‘pet name’
for me... what did they call me?
Tariff of Abominations
When it came to tariffs, the Western
and Southern sections were all for
them, and the Northeastern section
was against them.... I think .... wait a
minute, I’m confused... HALP!!
1) tariffs caused hostility between North & South
2) the North supported tariffs as it helped protect US
products from foreign competition, AND it raised $$
for internal improvements
3) the South hated tariffs because its economy was
based on foreign trade & made goods more expensive
How in the world did
Jackson ‘kill’ the Bank
of the United States?
As President, Jackson took all Federal
deposits ($$) out of the Bank of the U.S.
and redeposited them into various state
banks, that were known as ‘pet banks’...
•
In what way did Jackson’s redepositing of Federal $$ into
the state banks (pet banks)
eventually cause economic
problems for Martin Van
Buren’s presidency?
-- the state banks issued way too much
paper $$ causing severe inflation...
the 1832 crisis of South
Carolina’s threatened
secession from the Union
was averted... how?
....and by whom?
-- the Compromise Tariff of 1833
-- Henry Clay
Jackson’s removal
policy on Indians was
based on his belief
that ... what?
the US Government had the right
to remove the Indians from the
land east of the Mississippi...
- the Indians hid in the wilderness
- the Indians took up arms and
fought against white Americans
- the Cherokee even took their case
to the Supreme Court…
...what are these all examples of ?
how the Indians resisted the
Indian Removal Act
During this time in
America, who were the
only ones that were
allowed to vote in state
and local elections
white men
In their 1832 ruling, the Supreme Court
ruled against Georgia (and Jackson) in
that Georgia could NOT evict the
Cherokee nation from their lands, or
make laws governing the Cherokees....
... so, in what ways did Jackson respond?
-- he ignored the Supreme Court ruling
-- he refused to negotiate with Cherokees
-- he ordered the Army to relocate all
Indians to west of the Mississippi River
nd
2
the
Seminole War
was fought between...
..... who & who?
the U.S. Army and
the Seminole Indians
When political power
was eventually given to
‘the common man’, this
era became known as
.....what?
Jacksonian Democracy
What was Jackson’s
“spoils system”?
Jackson gave
government jobs to
his political supporters
What was it that made
Jackson such a popular
candidate and leader?
-- his humble background
-- his success as a military leader
-- his reputation for toughness
the rise of the ‘common man’,
the expanding of political
power, and ensuring that the
majority rule, were all ideas
that we now know as...what?
Jacksonian Democracy
Under this ‘theory’, the
states did not give up
their sovereignty when
they joined the Union:
Compact Theory
The idea that the states
could decide as to whether
or not a federal law was
constitutional, was called...
doctrine of nullification
Homey don’t play that,
and neither did the state of
South Carolina, in 1832,
when their state
legislature nullified the......
Tariff of Abominations
The tariff that
prevented a potential
civil war in South
Carolina....
Tariff of 1833
The Presidential Election
of 1824 led to charges of
a ____ ____ against
John Quincy Adams &
Henry Clay
corrupt bargain
When South Carolina
threatened to secede from
the Union in 1832, because
of tariffs, how did Jackson
react?
He threatened to use force against South
Carolina if they attempted to secede
the very first person to bring
to light the idea of the issue
of nullification was... who?
... and in what document?
-- Thomas Jefferson
-- the Kentucky Resolutions
...he was a Senator from
Massachusetts that
argued that the idea of
nullification could lead to
the breakup of the Union
Daniel Webster
He was a Sauk
Indian Chief who led
a rebellion against
removal in Illinois
Black Hawk
TEST
Thursday!
( Meat at Lie-Berry )