Transcript The Circulatory System

The Circulatory System
Chapter 37
Functions of the Circulatory System
Deliver
– Oxygen
– Nutrients
– heat
Pick up
– Waste heat
The Heart
Two types of circulation:
– Pulmonary
From the body
Right side of the heart
To the lungs
Oxygen poor blood until it goes
to the lungs
– Systemic
From the lungs
To the left side of the heart
Oxygen rich blood
To the rest of the body
The Heart
Blood move from
the body: veins
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Lungs
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Aorta
Body : arteries,
capillaries
Blood Vessels
Aorta: largest blood vessel
in the body. Immediately
above the left atrium
Arteries: carry blood rich in
oxygen, away from the
heart, contain valves,
muscular
Veins: carry blood poor of
oxygen, back to the heart
Capillaries: tiny arteries,
the smallest vessels in the
body, where nutrients
exchange to cells
Blood
4-6 liters of blood
45% of blood is cells
55% plasma
– Plasma is straw
colored fluid that
consists of
Salt
Gases
Nutriests
Enzymes
Hormones
Waste products
proteins
Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells
– Transport oxygen on
protein called
hemoglobin
White Blood Cells
–
–
–
–
Guard against infection
Fight parasites
Attack bacteria
Immune response
Platelets
– Blood clotting
Lymphatic System
Vessels and nodes
that collect the fluid
that has been excreted
from the vessels and
then returned back to
the circulatory system.
Lymph nodes filter
blood to help block
invaders from moving
through the system.
Respiratory System
The blood carrying
oxygen from the lungs
to the body, and
carrying carbon dioxide
back to the lungs
The pharynx, larynx,
lungs, bronchi,
bronchioles, alveoli,
and diagrapham
Process of Respiration
Oxygen enters the pharynx into the
trachea.
– Cilia and mucus line the entire
respiratory system to warm and
moisten the oxygen as it enters the
system.
– Cilia catches dust and keeps
particles from entering the lungs
Bronchi
– The large passgeways to the lungs
– That lead into smaller bronchioles
– That lead to alveoli
Alveoli
– Millions of air sacs that inflate and
deflate to take in oxygen and pass it
off to the blood cells
Breathing
– In order from breathing to occur the
diagraphram must lift up the chest
cavity, to open up the air passages
and allow inhalation to occur
Gas Exchange
Alveoli dissolve the oxygen and allow for it
to diffuse across the thin walled capillaries.
Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds 60
times more oxygen than if it was just blood
alone.
Breathing Control
The frequency of
respiration is control by
your nervous system
Autonomic part of the
nervous system: happens
without thinking
Cells in the breathing
center monitor the amount
of carbon dioxide in the
blood
– When it is too high the, nerve
impulses increase the
diaphragm contraction,
bringing air into the lungs.