Transcript Industrialization and global integration (1750-1900)

Industrialization and global
integration (1750-1900)
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Key idea for this
period=revolution (a
dramatic and wide
ranging change in
the way something
works or is organized
or in people’s ideas
about it)
What do professors
Lennon and
McCartney have to
say about it?
What type(s) of revolutions?
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In this unit we will be examining several
revolutionary movements
We need to be able to use SPRITE to help us
categorize and analyze each revolution and its
effects on the world
The Beatles song Revolution will help us identify the
types of revolutions that would occur during this
period
Highlight/underline lyrics that connect to various
forms of revolution
Mark them with S,P,R,I,T, or E to identify the type or
types of revolution
Record a brief explanation (few words/phrase) to
explain your choice
Key revolutions (1750-1900)
 Political
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revolutions
American and French Revolutions
Caribbean and Latin American Revolutions
 Industrial
Revolution
 Social revolution
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Attempts to reform and address inequalities
American Revolution (17751783)
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Roots of this conflict found
in the Seven Years’ War
(global war)
French and Indian War
British perspectiveAmerican colonists are
backwards and
disrespectful
Colonial perspective-Great
Britain treats them unfairly
How does the following film
clip show us the roots of this
dissent?
How would you categorize
these roots (SPRITE)? Why?
AP World History (1/20)
 Do
Now: Why did
the colonists begin
to resist British
authority after the
end of the French
and Indian War?
 List as many
reasons as you can
Why was the Revolution a
success?
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British difficulty in waging a
war on a different continent
Colonists gaining alliance
with the French
Persistence of
revolutionaries
Key effect (political)
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Set up constitution based on
enlightenment principles
Separation of powers,
checks and balances,
individual liberties, etc.
Federalist system-national
and state levels of govt.
French Revolution
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Inspired in part by
American Rev.
Different-direct challenge
to France’s basic political
and social structure
Demanded an end to
absolutism and aristocratic
privilege
“Liberty, equality,
fraternity”
Which of these would be
represented by the
woman with the flag in the
painting to the right?
How it started
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Three “estates” in France
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Nobility
Clergy
Everyone else
France crippled by debt (assisting in American Revolution)
Louis XVI-did not want to call Estates General (assembly)
because he was afraid of losing absolute power
Bourgeoisie (middle class)-gain support from other members of
third estate AND draw some support from clergy and nobility
Demanded political power
Storming of Bastille (July 14, 1789)
Rebellion spreads-women march to Versailles and demand the
monarch address inequalities (starving children)
How does the painting on the next page illustrate the social and
political problems in French society?
Departure of the Three Orders
for Versailles
What’s your estate?
 Read
your excerpt
 Identify-which estate (first, second, third,
or monarch) does it belong to?
 What is their perspective on the situation
in France at this time (1787-1789)?
 What actions do they want taken to
address this situation (you may need to
make an inference if no specific actions
are stated)?
AP World History (1/21)
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Do Now: At the onset of the French Revolution, the French
wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.
Where do we see enlightenment principles in this excerpts?
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Article 2-The goal of every political association is the
preservation of the natural and inalienable rights of man.
These rights are liberty, property, security, and resistance to
oppression.
Article 4- Liberty consists in the freedom to do anything that
does not harm another. The exercise of natural rights of
each man thus has no limits except those that assure other
members of society their enjoyment of the same rights.
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How radical can it get?
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Radical Jacobins-stressed
equality (enlightenment
principles)
King’s supporters-wanted
to control the king’s
restrictions on personal
liberties
Robespierre-leads the new
government that gets VERY
radical
The Reign of Terror
(Committee of Public
Safety)-Executes the
king…and others who are
seen as disloyal
Effects of this?
Rise of Napoleon
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Reign of Terror throws France into chaos and war
Napoleon Bonaparte-sees an opportunity to
promote himself and save France
Makes a name for himself in the army
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Revolution allows him to attain a rank his birth would
have denied him
Invited to join the five person Directory (governed
after Robespierre’s death)
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Instead, he capitalizes on an outside threat (Austria,
Britain, and Russia’s alliance against France in 1799) and
stages a coup d’etat (literally=blow of state; a takeover
of the government)
Names himself “consul” (reference again to Roman
empire) and emperor in 1804
Napoleon’s Rule
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Positives
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Popular w/French people
due to military victories
Brought stability by taking
back most radical
measures of Robespierre
(example-recognizes
Roman Catholicism as
preferred religion of France)
Napoleonic Code-laws that
guaranteed equal rights for
men
Attacks other countries
(military glory for France)
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Negatives
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Retained church property
for the state
Reduced the power of the
National Assembly (rubber
stamp for his ideas)
No equality for women
Attacks other countries
(constant state of war;
strain on France)
Ego-thinks he can conquer
anyone (Russia in 1812-loses
most of his men to the harsh
winter conditions)
Results of Napoleon’s rule
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Congress of Vienna-European
powers decide what to do
w/France
Strips them of most of their new
territories
Countries around it made
stronger through encirclement
of France
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Other countries
combining/gaining territory
French monarchy restored
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Supporters of Republic
continue to battle supporters
of king (another revolution in
1848)
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Overall=France still suffers from
radical shifts back and forth
(Republic and Absolutism)
What can Jacques Louis David
show/tell us about France during this
time?
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Jacques Louis David
was a French artist
Becomes a part of the
revolution
Read the bio-five
details that reveal his
beliefs/ideas/attitudes
etc.
How do his paintings
offer a unique
perspective on this
time period?
The Oath of the Horatii (1784)
Your assignment
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Work with your group of three to analyze one of
David’s paintings
Record your analysis (each group member should do
this)
Focus on the following:
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Form
Color
Use of light/dark
Composition (how objects in work are arranged)
Themes-emotions? Classical ideas? Why?
Propaganda-Does it fall into this category? Why or why
not?
Final analysis- How is this painting is an important
perspective on this period in French and World History?
The Oath of the Tennis Court
(Jacques Louis David, 1791)
Le Peletier Assassinated (1793)
The Death of Marat (1793)
Napoleon Crossing the Alps
(1801-1805)