Transcript Slide 1
US 7A: Identify reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II, including Italian, German and Japanese Dictatorships and their aggression, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor. 7C: analyze the function of the U.S. Office of War Information; Rise of Dictator and Militarism WWII : Day 1 Benito Mussolini Benito Mussolini – Italy= Fascist leader in Italy and started the Fascist Party. began using the title II Duce by 1925. Italy also was involved in imperialism. Italy invaded Ethiopia and established Italian East Africa. This was part of Italy’s plan for expansion. Ethiopia, British Somaland, Eritrea, Amara, Gallasid amo, Scioa and Somalia. (Imperialism) Adolf Hitler Hitler came to power by being a great speaker & became Chancellor of Germany in 1933. Hitler was upset that Germany had been defeated during WWI. Started the Nazi Party. He promised to bring Germany back to greatness. He also had to provide a reason why Germany was in decline so he blamed the Treaty of Versailles and the Jews. Germany invaded Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Denmark, Norway, Holland, Luxembourg, and France. He had ideas for world domination as well. (more than just imperialism) Emperor Hirohito - Japan Emperor Hirohito was angered when the U.S froze Japanese assets. (Money in US banks). Attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 as retaliation. The U.S. did this because of Japanese aggression when they took over Manchuria and took over Chinese lands and French possession in SE Asia made up of Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia. (Japanese imperialism). This was to retake Vietnam and expand. Fascism = government marked by centralization of authority under a dictator, strict class controls, suppression of any opposition through terror. Policy of nationalism/nativism, favoring one ethnic group over others, anti-democratic Italian Fascism Nazism =the ideology and practices of the Nazi Party ( National Socialist German Workers’ Party) under Adolf Hitler, similar to fascism but with strong anti-semitism (hatred of Jewish culture) Western Europe’s Policy of Appeasement Policy of Appeasement = Giving a power what it wants in order to keep peace. The two main appeasing countries were Britain and France who allowed Hitler to take much of the land he wanted in Europe without any resistance. Neville Chamberlain: Prime Minister of England who developed this failed policy for England. U.S. Foreign Policy: Isolationism Policy of isolating one's country from the affairs of other nations by declining to enter into alliances, foreign economic commitments, foreign trade, international agreements, etc., seeking to devote the entire efforts of one's country to its own advancement and remain at peace by avoiding foreign entanglements and responsibilities. Hitler’s March on Europe In your groups complete the order of Germany’s invasions in Europe & then answer the questions that follow US gives up its policy of Isolationism after France falls to Hitler with the Lend Lease Act in 1941. After France fell Britain was the only country actively at war with the Nazis. We needed to take action or Hitler would take over the eastern hemisphere and possibly us next, but we still did not want to get fully involved. We provide aide to China, England, & Russia US gives up its policy of Isolationism after France falls to Hitler with the Lend Lease Act in 1941. Lend Lease Act = provided foreign troops with defense gear and promised to lend or lease 7 billion dollars in supplies to any country the President designated. The US also built a military base in Greenland and established the Atlantic Charter with England. They committed to fight fascism. Japan formed a pact with Germany to attack American forces in Europe and Southeast Asia. The attack on Pearl Harbor was intended as a preventive action in order to keep the U.S. Pacific Fleet from interfering with military actions the Empire of Japan was planning in Southeast Asia against overseas territories of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the United States. Japan wanted invaded parts of Southeast Asia for natural resources . Pearl Harbor = December 7, 1941 – “a day that will live in infamy”. Japanese planes attacked the U.S. Naval Base in Hawaii. This event brought the United States into WWII. Over 200 Japanese airplanes attack and bomb Pearl Harbor on the Island of Hawaii. Video Attack On Pearl Harbor 7C: analyze the function of the U.S. Office of War Information; U.S. Office of War Information = agency created to produce government information that would be released to the public. It operated from June 1942 until September 1945. It coordinated all the release of war news for domestic use, and, using posters and radio broadcasts, worked to promote patriotism, warned about foreign spies and attempted to recruit women into war work.