Transcript WWII Notes
WWII I. A weak League of Nations A. The Kellogg-Briand Pact was signed by more than 60 countries and made war illegal. B. Japan 1. Japan invaded Manchuria and the League of Nations was powerless to stop it. 2. China then withdrew from the League since it refused to help them C. Italy 1. Took over Ethiopia 2. Italy was the Aggressor and economic sanctions were placed against it, but the League of Nations had no military force to back it up. II. Germany A. Hitler withdrew Germany from the league of nations and began arming his country. B. Germany moved into the Rhineland violating the treaty of Versailles C. Hitler made a pact with Mussolini calling themselves the Axis Powers D. Hitler then Annexed Austria and the League of Nations took no action. III. Appeasement A. Hitler moved into Czechoslovakian territory of the Sudetenland. B. On September 29, 1938, Hitler called the Munich Conference 1. Neville Chamberlain, Edouard Daladier and Benito Mussolini were in attendence. 2. They agreed to give in to Hitler’s demands-appeasement. Questions Pages 788-795 1. Why was the Nazi-Soviet Pact important to Germany? 2. How did the Western Powers react to Hitler attacking Poland? 3. Who became Prime Minister in Britain after Chamberlain? 4. List Major Allied Powers and Axis Powers. 5. What was Vichy France? 6. Describe the Battle of Britain? 7. What was the Lend-Lease Act and why is it important? 8. On Page 795, do question 3. Time line of Germany. IV. War Begins A. Hitler breaks the Munich Pact in 6 months and takes the rest of Czechoslovakia B. Hitler signs the Nazi-Soviet Pact agreeing not to attack the Soviets C. September 1st, 1939, Germany attacks Poland with Blitzkrieg- lightening war. D. Britain and France declare war on Germany within 48 hours. E. Early War • France is defeated very quickly and divided into France and Vichy France. • Britain is bombed with Germany’s airforce—the Luftwaffe • US-nuetral. Lend-Lease act supplied war materials to Britain on credit. V. Japan A. In 1940, Japan formed an alliance with Germany and Italy and in 1941 signed a non aggression pact with the Soviet Union. B. Japan controlled the Pacific except for the Philippines and Hawaii. C. Realizing their most dangerous enemy was the United States, Japan determined that knocking the US out of the Pacific before they were really involved in the war was the best answer. VI. Pearl Harbor A. December 7th 1941- Japan attacked Pearl Harbor sinking several battleships and killing 2,300 Americans. B. December 8th, 1941- US declares War on Japan. 3 days later, Germany and Italy declare war on the US. http://www.authentichistory.com/1939-1945/9-toons/ United Streaming Pearl Harbor Holocaust Holocaust PPT Questions pages 804-809 1)What was the outcome of the Battle of Stalingrad and why was it a major turning point? 2)Why is Mussolini forced into surrendering? 3)What two victories helped the US Navy turn the tides on Japan? 4)What happened on June 6th, 1944? How many troops were involved? D-Day • June 6, 1944 • http://ttc.depere.k12.wi.us/safevideos/Video .aspx?id=gZgKo46X8CI • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/dday/sfeatu re/sf_voices.html – Must Read Thomas Valence Questions Continued 5)What events led to the Allied victory in Europe? 6)Why were the Allied victories in the Soviet Union, North Africa, Italy and the Atlantic necessary to win WWII? 7)Describe the events leading up to V-E Day. 8)What was decided at the Yalta Conference? 9)What events finally made the Japanese surrender? VII. End of the War-in Europe A. With German loss at Stalingrad, Americans landing in France and Italy surrendering to Americans in the South, Germany was surrounded. B. After D-Day, the Soviets began a major drive against Germany from the East. C. The United States broke through the German line at the Battle of the Bulge in the West. End of the War Cont. D. In Spring of 1945, the War in Europe was essentially over. E. Hitler commits suicide April 30th, 1945. F. V-E Day (Victory in Europe) is declared May 8th, 1945. VIII. End of the War in the Pacific A. With victories at the Battle of Coral Sea and at Midway, the Americans start to turn the tide on the war against Japan. B. The strategy of Island hopping- moving from one island to another skipping some to be left without supplies began. End of War Cont. C. The Japanese were going to be hard to defeat. 1. Kamikaze pilots and sense of honor from Japanese culture made them a difficult enemy. D. The Japanese refuse to surrender and a major offensive on the island of Japan was being prepared for. End of War Cont. E. President Roosevelt dies and Harry Truman becomes President F. Met with Allied leaders in July at Potsdam, Germany G. Germany was to be divided between the US and USSR and an unconditional surrender of Japan was discussed IX. The Atomic Bomb A. President Truman makes the decision to drop the A-bomb. B. August 6, 1945 Enola Gay drops first Abomb on Hiroshima. C. August 9, 1945 2nd A-bomb dropped on Nagasaki. D. August 14, Japanese surrender. September 2nd V-J Day. Atomic Bomb Picture • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/472940 7.stm Questions Continued 10)What were some of the costs of WWII? 11)What was the Batan Death March? 12)What did the Soviets do in occupied Poland? 13)Using the graph on page 809, what three countries had the highest civilian losses? What factors do you think contributed to those losses? 14)How was WWII like no other war? X. After the War… A. The United Nations is created to help keep peace in the world. B. The Allies struggle with how to: 1. Reorganization of Germany 2. Who should be in charge of the Germany and Japan? 3. Who should have Atomic Weapons?