Transcript Nutrition - Alvin ISD

Nutrition
You are what you eat!
Our Energy Needs…
• Our body needs energy in order to carry
on life’s functions. We get this energy
from the nutrients in our food.
• In order to measure energy, scientists use
Calories.
• These Calories are the same as the ones
you see on nutrition labels
– So, if you drink a coke that contains 170 Calories,
then your body has 170 Cal of energy available to
use.
Nutrition Labels
Nutrition Labels
Six Classes of Nutrients
• Organic nutrients – contain carbon
– Proteins
– Carbohydrates
– Fats
– Vitamins
• Inorganic nutrients – do not contain carbon
– Minerals
– Water
Six Classes of Nutrients
• Foods containing carbohydrates, fats, and
proteins must be digested before they can
be used by the body.
• Water, vitamins, and minerals do not
require digestion. They are directly
absorbed into the bloodstream.
Proteins
• Used for replacement and repair of body
cells and for growth.
• Large molecules made of smaller amino
acids
– You need 20 amino acids for your body to use
in its cells.
• 8 of which you must obtain from your diet
Carbohydrates
• The main source of energy for your body.
• Simple Carbohydrates – high in Cal
– Sugars – break down into glucose
• Fruits, honey, milk…
• Complex Carbohydrates – Starches – potatoes, foods made of grains
– Fiber – vegetables, cereals, some fruits
Fats (aka Lipids)
• Provide energy and help the your body
absorb vitamins.
• Cushions the internal organs.
• 1 g of fat can release 2x the amount of
energy as 1 g of carbohydrates
• Saturated – meats, some plants, animal
products
– Usually solid at room temp.
– High levels of cholesterol
Fats (aka Lipids)
• Unsaturated – vegetable oils, fats in seeds
– Usually liquid at room temperature
Vitamins
• Organic nutrients needed for growth,
regulating body functions, and preventing
some diseases
• Are obtained in your diet, produced by
bacteria in your large intestine, or taken as
a supplement
Minerals
• Build cells, take part in chemical reactions,
send nerve impulses, and carry oxygen to
body cells.
• Inorganic (do not contain carbon)
• 14 minerals are used by your body
– Calcium and phosphorus are used in the
largest amounts
Minerals
Mineral
Health Effect
Food Sources
Calcium
Strong bones and
teeth, blood clotting
Dairy products, eggs,
leafy vegetables, soy
Phosphorus
Strong bones and
teeth, muscle
contraction, stores
energy
Cheese, meat, cereal
Potassium
Water balance in cells,
muscle contraction
Bananas, potatoes,
nuts, meat, oranges
Sodium
Fluid balance in
tissues, nerve impulse
Meat, milk, cheese,
salt, carrots
Iron
Oxygen is transported
in hemoglobin
Red meat, raisins,
beans, spinach, eggs
Iodine
Thyroid activity
Seafood, iodized salt
Water
• Essential to life, most important after
oxygen.
• Many nutrients must be in a water solution
in order to be absorbed by the body.
• Your body needs 2L of water based liquids
everyday.
– An apple is 80% water
– Some meats are 90% water
http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/nutrition/
• Be physically
active every
day.
• 60 minutes
everyday.
• Choose
healthier
foods from
each group
• Eat more
from some
food groups
than others
• Every
color
every day
• Make
choices that
are right for
you
• Take one
step at a
time
Tips for Families (Back)
Activity Sheets
http://teamnutrition.usda.gov/resources/game/BlastOff_Game.html