Transcript Nutrition

Nutrition
7th and 8th Grade
Entry Task
Based on your past knowledge…
 What benefits does good
nutrition have on your body and
health?
What negative effects does poor
nutrition have on your body and
health?
What is Nutrition?
The study of nutrients
and how the body uses
them.
Why is Nutrition Important?
 "Let food be your medicine and
medicine be your food.“ Hippocrates
400 B.C.
 At least 4 of the 10 leading causes of
death in the U.S. — heart disease,
cancer, stroke and diabetes — are
directly related to the way we eat
 The risk for developing these
conditions starts in childhood
Good Nutrition comes down to…
Balance
Moderation
Variety
What are Nutrients?
 substances in food that your body needs to
function properly throughout the day.
Types of Nutrients
Nutrients that build tissue
and provide energy:
Nutrients that help your
body run smoothly:
 Carbohydrates
 Vitamins
 Fats
 Proteins
 Minerals
 Water
Carbohydrates
Most important source of energy for the body
Your digestive system changes carbohydrates into glucose
(blood sugar). Your body uses this sugar for energy for your
cells, tissues, and organs.
Extra sugar is stored in your liver and muscles for when it is
needed.
Two Types of Carbohydrates
Complex Carbs (most of calories in diet should come from
these)
Simple Carbs
Complex Carbohydrates
Starches
 Provide lasting energy
 Sources: include whole grain breads and cereals, starchy
vegetables and legumes
Fiber
 Makes you feel full faster and helps digestion
 Helps prevent constipation and reduces risk of colon cancer
 Reduces cholesterol levels and risk of heart attack
 Sources: whole grains, beans, nuts, fruits and vegetables
Simple Carbohydrates
 Sugars that enter the blood stream quickly and provide
quick energy
 Provides calories and few vitamins and minerals
 Sources: sugars found naturally in foods such as fruits,
vegetables, milk, and milk
products; also include sugars
added during food processing
and refining
Fats
Major source of energy and aids your body in absorbing vitamins
Important for proper growth and development
Provides taste to foods and helps you feel full
Also plays a major role in your cholesterol levels
Types of Fats
Unsaturated
Saturated
Trans fat
Types of Fats
Saturated Fat
 BAD Fat!
 Raise cholesterol
Unsaturated Fat
 GOOD Fat!
 Help lower blood
cholesterol
 Sources: fish, nuts, seeds
and oils from plants,
avocados, olives, walnuts
and liquid vegetable oils
such as soybean, corn,
safflower, canola, olive
and sunflower
 Sources: beef, beef fat, veal,
lamb, pork, lard, poultry fat,
butter, cream, milk, cheeses
and other dairy products made
from whole and 2 percent milk
Trans Fat
 VERY BAD Fat!
 Raise cholesterol and increase risk
of heart disease
 Sources: vegetable shortenings,
some margarines, crackers,
cookies, snack foods
Proteins
 Builds, repairs and maintains bones, muscles and
skin
Food Sources
 Meat, dairy products, nuts and certain grains and
beans
 You need to eat protein every day, because your
body doesn't store it the way it stores fats or
carbohydrates.
Knowledge Check
What are “good” carbohydrates and
what foods can you find them in?
What is the role of “fats” in your diet?
What does protein do for your body?
Vitamins
Substances that your body needs to grow and develop
normally and that fight infection
The best way to get enough vitamins is to eat a balanced
diet with a variety of foods
In some cases, you may need to take a daily multivitamin
for optimal health. However, high doses of some vitamins
can make you sick.
Minerals
 Regulate body processes:
- building bones
- making hormones
- regulating heartbeat
 The best way to get the minerals your body needs
is by eating a wide variety of foods.
In some cases, your doctor may recommend a
mineral supplement.
Important Vitamins and Minerals
 Vitamin A – healthy skin and normal vision
 Vitamin C – healthy teeth, gums, bones; helps
heal wounds and fight infection
 Calcium – builds strong bones and teeth
 Iron – helps transport oxygen through the
bloodstream
 Sodium - helps keep proper body fluid balance;
helps the body transmit electrical signals through
nerves
Water
Helps digest and absorb food
Regulates body temperature and blood circulation
Carries nutrients and oxygen to other cells
Flushes toxins out of vital organs
Provides a moist environment for ear, nose and throat
tissues
Lubricates joints
Out with the Pyramid, in with the Plate!
My Plate Consumer Messages
 Make half of your plate fruits and veggies
 Make at least half of your grains whole grains
 Switch to fat-free or low-fat milk