Transcript Ch. 22 Nutrients and Digestion

22-1 Nutrition
Why is this important??
What are items you think about when you pick
something to eat?
What are nutrients?
Nutrients
 Are substances in foods that provide energy and
materials for cell development
There are 6 classes of nutrients
 Carbohydrates Ex:
 Proteins Ex:
 Fats Ex:
 Vitamins Ex:
 Minerals Ex:
 Water Ex:
Carbohydrates
 This is the main source of energy for the body
 They’re the highest nutrient in our diet
Carbohydrates
 Types:
 Sugar
 Simple sugar- easy to break down
 Ex. Table sugar, fruits, honey, milk
 Starch
 Is complex but body breaks down into simple sugars
 Ex. Potatoes, grains, and pastas
 Cellulose
 Complex and body can’t break down (doesn’t give you
energy)
 Ex. All vegetables have this
Proteins
 These are used for growth, repairing, and
replacing body’s cells
 Found in meats (beef, chicken, pork), eggs, milk,
dairy, and fish
Fats
 Provide energy and help your body absorb some
vitamins
 Are stored in our body for reserve energy, cushion
organs
 Fats actually have more energy per gram than
carbohydrates.
Fats
 Types:
 Unsaturated


Liquid at room temp.
Come from plants (oils- veg. corn, olive)
 Saturated



Are solid at room temp.
Causes high levels of cholesterol (the found in blood)can clog arteries- leading to heart attack or stroke
Found in meats
Vitamins
 These help your body use the other nutrients,
help promote growth, and regulate body
functions
 Are needed in small amounts
 Found in a variety of foods- can easily get if you
eat a well balanced diet (means eating fruits and
vegetables)
Vitamins
 Types:
 Water-soluble


When placed in water, they dissolve.
Ex. Vit. Bs and Vit. C
Fat-soluble
 When placed in fats, they dissolve.
 Ex. Vit. A, D, E, K
-Some vitamins are actually not good for
you to get to much of can cause
disease/disorder.
Minerals
 These are actually chemical elements (found on
the periodic chart)
 Need around 14 to have health body/diet
 Used to help chemical reactions, sending
messages (through the nerves), and carrying O2
to the body cells
 Ex. Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Iron
Water
 After O2 water is the most important item for your
body
 Can survive a few weeks (depending on body type)
without food and without water only a few days.
 Most of the nutrients are carried throughout the
body by water
 Your weight = 60% water
Water
 Water is loss every day by sweating, excretion,
and respiration.
 Breathing = 350 mL, Bathroom= 1950 mL,
skin/sweat-500mL.
 Being thirsty is already a sign that your body is
dehydrated (meaning you don’t have enough
water).
 Everyday you loss water, so you need to drink 2L of
liquids each day to replace these. (doesn’t have to
be all water- water is in all liquids and in foods to)
Food Groups
 Need to eat a variety of foods, due to 1 food group
(food items that have the same nutrients in them)
doesn’t have all nutrients needed for the body.
 Food groups are easily seen on the Food Pyramid.
 Usually with meals you are combining several
food groups.