Transcript Chapter 8 - Food and Nutrition

Food and Nutrition
Chapter 8
Which lunch would you eat?
-2 slices of pizza
-1 slice of pizza, small garden salad, apple, orange
Both have the same amount of calories!!!!!! But option two, has more
nutrients!
Nutrients: substances that the body needs to regulate bodily
functions, promote growth, repair body tissues, and obtain energy
Calories: units measuring the amount of energy released when
nutrients are broken down
Metabolism: the chemical process by which your body breaks down
food
Carbohydrates
- nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen:
supply energy for your body’s functions
- 2 types
Simple and Complex
Fiber – complex carb. that is found in plants
List some carbohydrates that you eat everyday….good
and bad!
Fats
- supply your body with energy, form your cells, maintain body
temperature, and protect your nerves
- fat has twice as many calories as carbohydrates
- Types of Fats
Unsaturated (good fat)
Saturated (bad fat)
Cholesterol
Trans fats
What high-fat foods do you eat? How can you cut down on these foods?
Proteins
•
•
•
•
•
An organic compound made of amino acids
22 total amino acids
13 are made in the body
9 MUST come from food!!!
Complete proteins- animal sources have all 9
amino acids
• Incomplete proteins- veggies, nuts , seeds
lack one or two incomplete proteins
Vitamins and Minerals
Vitamins
2 classes:
Fat-soluble (vitamins A, D, E and K)
Name some sources
Water-soluble (C and B vitamins)
Name some sources
Minerals
You need 7 – Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium, Phosphorus,
Chlorine, and Sulfur
Anemia – a condition in which a person’s diet doesn’t contain enough
iron (red blood cells do not contain enough hemoglobin)
Sodium – salt intake…too much = high blood pressure
Water
Nearly all of the body’s chemical reactions, including those athat produce
energy and build new tissues, take place in a water solution.
-regulates body temperature
-electrolytes, why do we need them?
-Preventing dehydration (a serious reduction in the body’s water content)
-10 to 14 cups (8oz) of water per day!
-Caffeine is a diuretic…makes your body need more water!
Dietary Guidelines
• Provide information on how to make smart
food choices, balance food intake with
physical activity, get the most nutrition out of
the calories you consume and handle food
safely
• Choose foods that are Nutrient-dense
Name some nutrient-dense foods
Using the Food Guidelines
Don’t skip breakfast
Concentrate on whole-grains
Grilled instead of fried
Fruit instead of unhealthy sweets
Choose foods that are nutrient dense
Drink water