Transcript Skeletal and Muscle Systems

Skeletal and Muscle Systems
Chapter 5
Skeletal System
• Composed of bone and cartilage
Periosteum:
• Connective tissue that covers the bone’s
surface
Joint:
• Union of two bones
• Ligaments,
Tendons, and
a tough fibrous
capsule
provide stability
to the joint
Skeleton Stores:
• Minerals (calcium and phosphorus
• Manufactures blood cells
• Stores fat in limb bones (in adults)
Long bones: found in limbs
• Support body weight
• Act as levers of propulsion
Short: found in knee and hock
Aid in shock of impact
Flat: ribs, scapula, some in skull
Encloses vital organs
Irregular bones: unpaired bones
Vertebrae and some in skull
Bony growths
(splints, spavins,
and ringbone)
are a result of
injury to the
periosteum
Periosteum
nourishes the
bone through
blood vessels
(like antlers)
Cartilage:
• Covers joints
• Diminishes effect of
concussion and
provide a smooth joint
surface to minimize
frictional resistance to
movement
• Axial Skeleton: skull, spine,
ribs, breastbone, pelvis, tail
• Appendicular Skeleton:
forelegs and hindlegs
Muscle system
• Provides movement internally and
externally
• Red flesh or lean meat
• 50% of the body weight
3 types of muscles:
• Smooth- involuntary
• Cardiac – involuntary striated
• Striated or Skeletal
Smooth Muscles:
1. Digestive system
2. Uterus of females
Peristalsis:
• Wavelike contractions
of digestive system
• Can contract for
hours without getting
fatigued
Cardiac Muscle:
• Only in the heart
• Contraction requires no nerve stimulus
• Split-second intervals of rest
Striated or Skeletal Muscle
• Attached to bony levers
• Move the body voluntarily with control of
the will