Transcript ppt - SEAS
ESE370: Circuit-Level Modeling, Design, and Optimization for Digital Systems Day 1: September 7, 2011 Introduction and Overview 1 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Questions • How fast can my computer run? – What limits this speed? – What can I do to make it run faster? • How can I extend the battery life on my gadget? – How much energy must my computation take? • How small can I make a memory? – Why does DRAM need to be refreshed? 2 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Questions • How many bits/second can I send over a link? – What limits this? – How do I maximize? • How does technology scaling change these answers? • What can I rely on technology to deliver? 3 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Outline • • • • • • • Motivating Questions What this course is about Objectives What you need to know Structure Policies Content 4 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Deconstruction • Circuit-Level Modeling, Design, and Optimization for Digital Systems Look below the gates …transistors, resistance, capacitance, inductance… Abstract and predict Create Make efficient (fast,low energy,small) Compute, store, transmit binary values (0s, 1s) 5 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon What course about • What Computer Engineers need to know about the physical properties in order to design efficient digital circuits • Physical Properties – Delay, Energy (Power), Area, Reliability • Efficient – Fast, Low Energy, Small, Won’t Fail (very often) • Digital Circuits – Computation, Storage, Communication Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon 6 What course is about • Modeling and abstraction – Predict circuit behavior – Well enough to know our design will work – …with specific properties • Speed, energy, …. – Well enough to reason about design and optimization • What knob can I turn to make faster? • How much faster can I expect to make it? 7 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon What course is about • Modeling and abstraction – Back-of-the-envelope • Simple enough to reason about – …without a calculator… – Sensitive to phenomenology • Able to think through the details – With computer assistance • …understanding even that is a simplified approximation 8 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon CIS120 CIS380 CIS240 CIS371, ESE534 ESE170 (ESE200) You are here. ESE205/215, ESE319 ESE218 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Phys151 9 Objectives 10 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon You will learn • disciplines for robust digital logic and signaling – (e.g., restoration, clocking, handshaking) • where delay, energy, area, and noise arises in gates, memory, and interconnect • how to model these physical effects – back-of-the-envelope design • (e.g. RC and Elmore delay) – detailed simulation (e.g. SPICE) 11 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon You will learn • the nature of tradeoffs in optimization – Among delay, energy, area, noise • how to design and optimize – logic, memory, and interconnect structures – at the gate, transistor, and wire level • how technology scales – and its impact on digital circuits and computer systems 12 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon What you Need to Know coming in to this course 13 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon What you need to know • See pages linked from course page • CIS170 – Gates, Boolean logic, DeMorgan’s, optimization • CIS215 – RLC circuit analysis – Diagnostic Quiz next time – end of class 14 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Structure 15 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Structure • MWF Lecture • Reading from text • 4 lecture periods Lab – 3 Detkin • See phenomena first hand before simulate – 1 Ketterer SPICE Intro 16 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon SPICE • Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis – Industry standard analog circuit simulator – Non-linear, differential equation solver specialized for circuits • Integrated circuits – simply impractical to build to debug – Must simulate to optimize/validate design 17 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Structures • Homeworks – week long (6 total) • Projects – two weeks long (3 total) – Design oriented – On three main topics • Computation • Storage • Communication • Two midterms • Final 18 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Admin • Won’t bring printouts to class • Use course calendar – Lectures online before class • (most of the time) – Homeworks linked • Homework 1 out soon (tied to first lab visit) – Reading specified 19 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Policies 20 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Policies See web page for details • Turnin homework on blackboard – No handwritten homework – Use CAD Tools for circuit drawings • Late homework penalty • Individual work (HW & Project) – CAD drawings, simulations, analysis, writeups – May discuss strategies, but must acknowledge 21 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Content 22 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Content • Logic (Computation) [7 weeks] – Combinational – Sequential • Storage • Communication [2 weeks] [3 weeks] 23 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Content • Logic – Transistors Gates – In Lab: build gate, measure delay, restore – Restoration – Delay – Area (no layout ESE570) – Energy – Synchronous (flip-flops, clocking, dynamic) – Project: fast multiplexor or ripple-carry adder 24 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Content • Memory – No Lab component – RAM Organization – Driving Large Capacitances – Signal amplification/restoration – Project: design a Register File 25 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Content • Communication – In Lab • Measure inductive ground bounce, crosstalk • Experiment with transmissions lines, termination – Noise • Crosstalk • Inductive • Ionizing particles, shot – Transmission Lines – Project: Chip-to-chip signaling 26 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon Wrapup • Admin – Find web, get text, assigned reading… – http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~ese370 • Big Ideas / takeaway – Model to enable design • Diagnostic Quiz next time – Review as needed • Remaining Questions? 27 Penn ESE370 Fall2011 -- DeHon