Transcript Week 1
Rouda's Very Short History
of Computing
CSCI 101
In the beginning…
Pascal
created a calculator in 1652
able to add and subtract
photos from en.wikipedia.org
Charles Babbage
(1791-1871)
Math Tables Problem
Difference Engine and Analytical Engines
Abilities
add
subtract
loop (repeat instructions over and over)
compare two numbers
etc…
instructions and data were
on punched cards
Harvard Mark 1
Mechanical, not electrical
completed in 1943
used to compute artillery tables
instructions on paper tape
storage = 72 numbers
Digital Electronics 101
Transistors can perform AND, OR, NOT, etc
Example - Half Adder:
XOR
AND
Pentium 4 contains
42 million transistors
First Generation
based on vacuum tubes
ENIAC
EDVAC
1946 - Univ of Pennsylvania
programmed via wires
based on ENIAC
program stored
in memory
UNIVAC
1951
first commercial machine
Second Generation
1955-1964
based on transistors
Third Generation
based on Integrated Circuits
mainframes and minicomputers
IBM 360
First offered in 1964
equally suited for business or science
from 8K to 8M of memory
Fourth Generation
based on VLSI
VLSI = Very Large Scale Integration
thousands of transistors per chip
microcomputers
IBM PC released in 1981
photo from www.cs.indiana.edu
Fifth Generation
Based
on ??? technology
Computer Devices Sold Annually
graph from http://www.publishing.umich.edu
Software Development
697,000 software engineers and
585,000 computer programmers in US
In 2008 the software industry in the US is
valued at $457 Billion
Top Software companies include: Oracle,
IBM, Microsoft, Google, Accenture, SAP.
source: www.nist.gov/ and www.wikipedia.com
Software Development
What’s happening right now?
IT jobs (software/hardware/network, etc.) are
growing much faster than other industries.
Financial companies are in-sourcing.
Typical starting point – Contract to hire.
source: www.nist.gov/ and www.wikipedia.com
Next Class…
Computer Hardware
Components of a modern computer
What to look for when buying a computer
Operating Systems
Differences in Windows, Mac, and Linux