Transcript Week 1

Rouda's Very Short History
of Computing
CSCI 101
In the beginning…
Pascal
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created a calculator in 1652
able to add and subtract
photos from en.wikipedia.org
Charles Babbage
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(1791-1871)
Math Tables Problem
Difference Engine and Analytical Engines
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Abilities
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add
subtract
loop (repeat instructions over and over)
compare two numbers
etc…
instructions and data were
on punched cards
Harvard Mark 1
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Mechanical, not electrical
completed in 1943
used to compute artillery tables
instructions on paper tape
storage = 72 numbers
Digital Electronics 101
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Transistors can perform AND, OR, NOT, etc
Example - Half Adder:
XOR
AND
Pentium 4 contains
42 million transistors
First Generation
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based on vacuum tubes
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ENIAC
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EDVAC
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1946 - Univ of Pennsylvania
programmed via wires
based on ENIAC
program stored
in memory
UNIVAC
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1951
first commercial machine
Second Generation
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1955-1964
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based on transistors
Third Generation
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based on Integrated Circuits
mainframes and minicomputers
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IBM 360
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First offered in 1964
equally suited for business or science
from 8K to 8M of memory
Fourth Generation
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based on VLSI
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VLSI = Very Large Scale Integration
thousands of transistors per chip
microcomputers
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IBM PC released in 1981
photo from www.cs.indiana.edu
Fifth Generation
 Based
on ??? technology
Computer Devices Sold Annually
graph from http://www.publishing.umich.edu
Software Development
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697,000 software engineers and
585,000 computer programmers in US
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In 2008 the software industry in the US is
valued at $457 Billion
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Top Software companies include: Oracle,
IBM, Microsoft, Google, Accenture, SAP.
source: www.nist.gov/ and www.wikipedia.com
Software Development
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What’s happening right now?
IT jobs (software/hardware/network, etc.) are
growing much faster than other industries.
Financial companies are in-sourcing.
Typical starting point – Contract to hire.
source: www.nist.gov/ and www.wikipedia.com
Next Class…
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Computer Hardware
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Components of a modern computer
What to look for when buying a computer
Operating Systems
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Differences in Windows, Mac, and Linux