Transcript Safety and First Aid

Safety and First Aid
Injury Prevention at Home and at
School
• Accidents at Home
– Falls, Fires, Electrical shock, poisoning
• Safety in Class
• Violence at School
– Violence- Using force to hurt someone or to cause damage
• Gun Safety
– Avoid guns, lock them up, hunting
• Seven ways to protect yourself
– Think before you act, pay attention, know your limits, practice refusal
skills, use safety equipment, change risky behavior, change risky
situations
Fire safety
• Fire prevention and detection
– Smoke detector- an alarm that detects smoke
from a fire
• Check batteries
• Check to see if working
• How to put out small fires
– Fire extinguisher- a device that releases chemials
to put out a fire
• 3 different types
Safety on the Road
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Safety while walking
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Safety on wheel
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Use sidewalks
Walk facing traffic
Use crosswalks
Look both ways
Make sure driver can se you
Avoid walking at night
No headphones
Wear safety equipment
Pay attention to traffic
Follow the rules of road
Wear proper attire
Ride in designated areas
Ride with a friend
Avoid night riding
Vehicle safety
Bus safety
Safety Outdoors
• Safety on a cold day
– Hypothermia- a below normal body temperature
– Frostbite- is damage to skin and other tissues that is caused by
extreme cold
• Safety on a hot day
– Heat exhaustion- a condition caused by too much water loss
through sweating on a hot day
– Heatstroke- is an injury that happens when the body cannot
control its temperature.
• Playing safe
– Drink water, use sunscreen, watch weather
Natural disasters
• Earthquakes
– A shaking of the earth’s surface caused by movement along a break in
the Earth’s crust
– Natural disasters- natural events that widespread injury, death, and
property damage.
• Tornadoes and hurricanes
– Tornado- a spinning column of air that has a high wind speed and
touches the ground.
– Hurricane- a large spinning tropical weather system with wind speeds
of at least 74mph
– Flood- is an overflowing of water into areas that are normally dry
– Flash flood- a flood with no warning
• Be prepared!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Deciding to Give First Aid
• Emergency- a sudden event that demands
immediate action
• Handling an Emergency
– Check the situation
– Call for help
– Care for victim
• First aid- emergency medical care for someone who has
been hurt or who is sick.
Making an emergency phone call
• Dial 9-1-1
• The three pieces of information that you will
need to know:
– Your name and location
– The type of emergency
– The condition of anyone who is hurt
– What you’ve done to help the victim
• Stay calm
• Don’t hang up first
Abdominal Thrust and Rescue
Breathing
• Abdominal Thrusts- actions that apply pressure to a choking
person’s stomach to force an object out of his or her throat
• First Aid for choking infants(pg 394)
• First Aid for choking adults(pg 395)
• Rescue Breathing for adults
– Rescue breathing- an emergency technique in which a rescuer gives air
to someone who is not breathing
– Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)- an emergency technique used to
save a victim who isn’t breathing and who doesn’t have a heart beat.
• Rescue breathing for small children
First Aid for Injuries
• Bleeding
• Burns
– Severity determines first aid
• Poisoning
• Fractures-broken or cracked bone
• Dislocations- when a bone is forced out of its
normal position
• Head, Neck, and Back Injuries