Transcript Chapter 5 PowerPoint

Sudden Illness
What is a Sudden Illness?
• Fainting
• Seizures
• Stroke
• Diabetic Emergency
• Allergic Reaction
• Poisoning
• Cardiac Arrest can also be a sudden
onset emergency
When to call?
When to call?
• Unconscious or altered LOC
• Breathing Problems / Not Breathing
• Chest Pain lasting more than 3-5 min
• Persistent Abdominal Pain
• Severe Bleeding
• Vomiting Blood / Passing Blood
• Severe Burns
• Poisoning / Suspected Poisoning
When to call?
• Seizures
• Stroke
• Suspected / Obvious Head-Neck Injury
Signs to Look for
• Changes in LOC – Confusion
• Ask questions that they should know:
“Who’s the president?”
“What year is it?”
“What day is it?”
Signs to Look for
• Breathing Problems – Remember what
we covered in respiratory issues.
• Signs and Symptoms of heart attack
• Loss of vision / blurred vision
• Basically anything that is not normal for them.
Fainting is simply a loss of consciousness
• Usually very brief
• Caused by insufficient blood flow to the brain
• Possible “Secondary Injuries” from the fall
1. Pale / Ashen skin
2. Weakness
3. Dizziness
1. If you see it coming on – then act
quickly
2. Help them sit down / lie down
3. If sitting, put their head between their
knees
4. If lying down, raise their feet above
their heart line
Interruption in the normal function of the brain
• Can be caused by illness, disease, accident, fever
• Abnormal electrical activity in the brain
• Usually temporary
• Causes involuntary changes in the body function
• Shaking, Stiffening, Loss of consciousness, etc.
Chronic seizure condition that is usually
controlled with medication
Patients who take meds infrequently or
who stop all together are at risk for
seizure activity.
1. Blank stare
2. Distorted sensation – person can’t respond
3. Uncontrolled muscle contractions –
Convulsions
4. Epileptics may experience Aura just before the
seizure hits
5. Febrile seizure may include:
Sudden increase in body temp, loss of bladder or bowel
control, Crying out, Rigid, Eyes roll back into head
1. DO NOT TRY TO RESTRAIN THE PERSON
2. DO NOT STICK ANYTHING IN THEIR MOUTH
3. Move anything and everything that could hurt
them (furniture, etc.)
4. After it’s finished care for them as you would
an unconscious patient (Airway, Recover, etc)
5. Call 911*
3rd leading cause of death
Over 800,000 will suffer a stroke this year
Age is not a factor
Also known as a brain attack. When blood flow is
restricted or cut off to a part of the brain – that area
suffocates and then dies unless blood flow is restored.
Some strokes are caused by bleeding into the brain,
usually from a broken or burst blood vessel
Mini-Stroke is when a person has signs / symptoms
that completely go away within minutes.
Mini-Stroke patients are at HIGH RISK for more
strokes usually a precursor to “THE BIG ONE”
Note the time you notice symptoms – VERY
IMPORTANT
Treat life threats (ABC’s)
Be reassuring to conscious people. They may not be
able to respond, but are usually aware of
EVERYTHING that is happening. Very scary time for
them.
Nearly 23.6 million diabetics in the U.S. (7.8%)
Another 5 million are unaware that they are diabetic
Inability of the body to change sugar from food into
energy – an insulin regulated process
2 Types of Diabetes
1. Usually starts in child hood – Hereditary
2. There is NO CURE
3. Must receive insulin injections, daily, to
regulate their sugar level
4. Frequent urination, increased hunger or thirst,
unexpected weight loss, irritability, weakness
and fatigue
1. The body makes insulin, but not enough
2. Progressive disease – usually leads to insulin
supplement dependence
3. Can be controlled with diet and exercise and
close monitoring
4. Type 1 symptoms plus
Blurred vision, frequent infections, numbness in extremities,
slow healing bruises / cuts, itching
1. Call 911 if they lose consciousness or you are
in doubt
2. If conscious and able to swallow
3. Give sugar in the form of a glucose tablet,
paste / gel, fruit juice, milk, non-diet soda, or
table sugar dissolved in water
4. Assist them with THEIR OWN medications
Caused by over activity of the body’s
immune system against specific antigens
Common allergens:
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Insects
Antibiotics
Outdoor stuff (flowers, trees, grass)
Latex
Foods (Shellfish, Nuts, Dairy Products)
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Hives
Itching
Rash
Weakness
Nausea
Cramping
Dizziness
Trouble Breathing
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Trouble Breathing
Throat Constriction
States they have severe reactions
Unconscious
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Monitor their airway – treat if
necessary
Assist with medication
Even if the person does not display
symptoms immediately – if they have
a known severe reaction possibility,
call 911 ASAP
Any substance that enters / touches the
body that is harmful and causes illness,
injury or death
Types:
Swallowed (Medication, Cleaners, etc.)
Inhaled (Gases, Fumes, Drugs)
Absorbed (Plants, Fertilizer)
Injected (Venom, Medications, Drugs)
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Nausea / Vomiting
Diarrhea
Chest / Abdominal Pain
Trouble Breathing
Sweating (abnormally)
Altered LOC
Irregular Pupil Size
Burning / Tearing eyes
Burns around lips, tongue, skin
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Remove the person from the source
of poison ONLY IF IT’S SAFE FOR YOU
TO ENTER
Check their LOC
Treat for ABC’s
Do not get the poison on you
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Stay calm
Gather as much info as possible
Treat ABC’s first and always
Call 911 immediately
Questions?
I have ADD…I don’t remember
what was on the second slide
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