Communicable Disease - Parma Middle School
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Transcript Communicable Disease - Parma Middle School
Communicable Disease
Preventing the Spread of Disease
Disease is an illness that affects the proper
functioning of the mind or body.
A communicable disease is one that can be passed
from one person to another.
A non communicable disease is one that can’t be
passed.
Causes of Communicable Diseases
Pathogens are tiny organisms that cause disease.
An infection is a condition that occurs when
pathogens enter the body, multiply, and damage
cells.
Bacteria are tiny one celled organisms that live
nearly everywhere.
Bacterial Diseases
Strep
Tooth decay
Boils
Pneumonia
Impetigo
Many bacterial diseases can be treated with
antibiotics. Viral infections can’t. They are now
treated with prescribed medication.
Viral Disease
A virus is the smallest disease-causing organism.
Examples:
Cold
Flu
Hepatitis
Measles
Mumps
Chicken pox
Other types of Pathogens
Fungi are primitive life-forms that feed of organic
materials. Example- Ringworm
Protozoa are single-celled organisms that are usually
harmless but that can cause certain diseases.
Example-Malaria
Rickettsias- disease causing organisms that resemble
bacteria but multiply like viruses. Example- Rocky
Mountain Spotted Fever
How are Pathogens Spread?
Direct contact-body fluids, kissing
Indirect contact-sharing drinking glasses
Contact with a Vector (an insect)
Other contacts- food, water, undercooked meat.
Preventing the spread of disease
Good personal hygiene
If sick determine the contagious period.
The Body’s Defenses Against Infection
First line of Defense-stop the entry.
Eyes, skin, stomach, mucous membranes and saliva.
The immune system is a combination of body
defenses made up of cells, tissues, and organs that
fight off pathogens and disease.
Immunity is your bodies ability to fight off disease.
The Lymphatic System
A secondary circulatory system that helps the body
fight pathogens and maintains a fluid balance.
White blood cells are called lymphocytes.
B cells produced in the bone marrow, they help
develop immunity to pathogens.
T cells are produced in the thymus gland, they attack
invading pathogens.
Immunity is present at birth.
Vaccinations-figure 17.3, pg. 453
The Lymphatic System
Review
1.
What are 4 risk factors associated with
communicable disease?
2. How can you protect yourself from disease?
3. How does the immune system fight disease?
4. Read pages 454-457.